Materials science for quantum information science and technology
- PDF / 2,220,066 Bytes
- 14 Pages / 585 x 783 pts Page_size
- 73 Downloads / 205 Views
Introduction Quantum information systems have attracted great interest in recent years. Research and development funding is increasing worldwide from both government and corporate sources. Technology opportunities have been studied by a number of organizations,1–3 and have motivated major government programs.4,5 The interdisciplinary nature of this technology and the ubiquitous importance of materials provides numerous opportunities for practitioners of fundamental and applied materials science and engineering to contribute needed advances. This article focuses on materials science applied to quantum information science and technology (QIST)—what we call “materials for quantum”—which is separate from the study of “quantum materials,” or those materials where quantum effects produce emergent behavior.6 While we attempt to provide perspectives on materials for quantum across a broad spectrum of QIST and to review the relevant major issues and technology trends, inevitably this article is not comprehensive, and we encourage the interested reader to consult the cited articles for additional details. The science of quantum information has made significant advances from its initial concept in the early 1980s, when
Richard Feynman and Yuri Manin postulated that simulating quantum systems would be better done with a computer that is quantum mechanical.7,8 In the context of quantum information, this concept has evolved into the goal of using quantum mechanics to redefine the structure of information, whether for computation, communication, memory, or sensing. Today, researchers do not foresee quantum information systems in every home. Rather, quantum information systems are being designed to extend the state of the art for tackling only the most difficult problems. The announcement that a 53-qubit quantum computer can outperform a classical supercomputer on a specially tailored problem demonstrates the not-too-distant promise of quantum computation as a potential quantum coprocessor in data centers.9 Demonstrations of magnetic sensing using spin qubits in diamond are being developed that dramatically alter sensing capabilities, opening new areas of use, while developments of quantum communications networks are imagined, for instance, to provide more secure financial transactions and interconnectivity of quantum information. Some potential advantages of a quantum information approach are apparent from a simple contrast with
Christopher J.K. Richardson, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, USA; [email protected] Vincenzo Lordi, Quantum Simulations Group, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA; [email protected] Shashank Misra, Sandia National Laboratories, USA; [email protected] Javad Shabani, New York University, USA; [email protected] doi:10.1557/mrs.2020.147 • VOLUME • JUNE © 2020 Materials Research Society Uppsala Universitetsbibliotek, on 17 Jun 2020 at 01:14:54, subject to theMRS BULLETINCore 45 use, 2020 •atmrs.org/bulletin Downloaded f
Data Loading...
