Biophilic Cities Integrating Nature into Urban Design and Planning
Tim Beatley has long been a leader in advocating for the "greening" of cities. But too often, he notes, urban greening efforts focus on everything except nature, emphasizing such elements as public transit, renewable energy production, and energy efficien
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Biophilic Cities Timothy Beatley
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Biophilic Cities Integrating Nature into Urban Design and Planning
Timothy Beatley
Washington | Covelo | London
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© 2011 Timothy Beatley All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, Suite 300, 1718 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20009 ISLAND PRESS is a trademark of the Center for Resource Economics. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Beatley, Timothy, 1957Biophilic cities: integrating nature into urban design and planning / Timothy Beatley. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-714-4 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-714-7 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-715-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-715-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. City planning—Environmental aspects. 2. Sustainable development. 3. Human ecology. 4. Urban ecology (Sociology) I. Title. HT166.B3927 2010 307.1'216—dc22 2010011658
Printed using Bembo and Korinna
Printed on recycled, acid-free paper
Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: biological diversity, biomimicry, biophilia hypothesis, bioregional planning, ecocity, environmental education, green building, green urbanism, green streets, light pollution, nature deficit disorder, stormwater management, sustainable, community design, urban ecology, urban parks, urban planning and design
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To Jadie and Carolena, and the next generation of urbanites who will care about the nature around them.
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Contents
Chapter 1
Preface
xi
Foreword
xv
The Importance of Nature and Wildness in Our Urban Lives
1
Chapter 2
The Nature of (in) Cities
17
Chapter 3
Biophilic Cities: What Are They?
45
Chapter 4
Biophilic Urban Design and Planning
83
Chapter 5
New Tools and Institutions to Foster Biophilic Cities
131
Chapter 6
Concluding Thoughts: Growing the Biophilic City
151
Endnotes
159
Bibliography
175
Index
181
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Preface
This book is a first effort at explicating and tentatively defining what a biophilic city is and what it might look and feel like. While the title will be a bit unfamiliar to planners and urban designers today, part of the purpose for writing this book is to change that and to squarely place connections with and care for nature in urban areas on the agenda for these disciplines. There are several parallel geneses of this book that should be credited. The first is a highly stimulating conference organized by Professor Stephen Kellert, through the auspices of the Yale School of t
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