Biplane transrectal ultrasonography plus ultrasonic elastosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in T staging
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Biplane transrectal ultrasonography plus ultrasonic elastosonography and contrastenhanced ultrasonography in T staging of rectal cancer Yanru Feng1,2,3†, Chanjuan Peng1,4,5†, Yuan Zhu1,2,3 and Luying Liu1,2,3*
Abstract Background: The aim of this study is to assess biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) plus ultrasonic elastosonography (UE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in T staging of rectal cancer. Methods: Between March 2016 and January 2019, 66 rectal cancer patients who completed biplane TRUS plus UE and CEUS for preoperative workup and were treated by primary total mesorectal excision (TME) were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The accuracy of TRUS plus UE and CEUS in all T staging of rectal cancer was 69.7%. The highest accuracy was achieved in the T3 stage (87.5%), while it was 71.4 and 50.0% in the T1 and T2 stage, respectively. The mean sizes of uT1-T2 lesions and uT3-T4 lesions were 30.0 ± 10.6 mm (range, 10.0–55.0) and 40.2 ± 11.2 mm (range, 14.0– 57.0), respectively (p < 0.001). According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to predict pT stages (pT1,2 vs. pT3), the optimal cut-off value of lesions in greatest dimension was 28.5 mm by TRUS with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.769, and the optimal cut-off values of peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistive index (RI) were 18.8 cm/sec and 0.645, respectively. The AUCs of PSV and RI were 0.588 and 0.555, respectively. Conclusions: Diagnostic accuracy of TRUS plus UE and CEUS in T staging of rectal cancer does not reach the excellent published study results, especially for patients with early rectal cancer. Tumor sizes, PSV and RI are useful additions for TRUS in T staging of rectal cancer. Keywords: Biplane transrectal ultrasonography, Ultrasonic elastosonography, Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, Rectal cancer
* Correspondence: [email protected] † Yanru Feng and Chanjuan Peng contributed equally to this work. 1 Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 1, East Banshan Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310022, China 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No 1, East Banshan Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou 310022, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds th
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