Birth Weight and Maternal Body Size as Determinants of Blood Pressure at Age 17: Results from the Jerusalem Perinatal St
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Birth Weight and Maternal Body Size as Determinants of Blood Pressure at Age 17: Results from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort Uri P. Dior1,2 · Gilad Karavani2 · Michael Bursztyn3 · Ora Paltiel1 · Ronit Calderon‑Margalit1 · Yechiel Friedlander1 · Iaroslav Youssim1 · Orly Manor1 · Hagit Hochner1 Accepted: 8 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objectives To investigate the effect of birth weight (BW) and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (mBMI) on blood pressure (BP) in adolescence. Methods A Population-based cohort of 11,729 births in Jerusalem during 1974–1976, with archival data on maternal and birth characteristics was performed. Measurements at age 17 were assessed and linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations of birth characteristics with BP outcomes. Results BW was inversely associated with both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP at age 17 (SBP: B = − 0.829, p = 0.002; DBP: B = − 0.397, p = 0.033). The interaction term between BW and weight at age 17 was significant for DBP (p = 0.017) and pulse pressure (p = 0.005). mBMI yielded significant positive associations with BP, independent of BW. Conclusions for Practice Our findings indicate that there are at least two distinct pathways linking early life characteristics with subsequent BP: Intrauterine growth, as reflected by BW and other genetic or environmental factors, reflected by mBMI and maternal education, contribute to offspring adolescent BP. These results warrant replication in other birth cohorts and underline the need to explore specific mechanisms that account for these associations. Keywords Atherosclerosis · Arterial · Blood pressure · Birth weight
Significance Statement What is already known on this subject? Maternal and offspring early life characteristics contribute to offspring blood pressure later in life. Blood pressure in adolescence is a marker of cardiovascular health in adulthood. What does this study add? Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is associated with offspring blood pressure in adolescence (age 17), independent of birth weight. Birth weight is inversely associated with blood pressure in adolescence, in particular amongst those with higher weight at age 17. * Uri P. Dior [email protected] 1
Braun School of Public Health, The Hebrew UniversityHadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center and Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
3
Hypertension Unit, Department of Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
Lower maternal education at the time of pregnancy is associated with higher blood pressure in adolescence.
Introduction Accumulating evidence indicates that cardiovascular and other chronic diseases in adult life are influenced by intrauterine growth. Low birth weight (BW), a rather crude though robust surrogate measure of intrauterine growth, has been shown to be associated with an increased risk
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