Bismuth Yttrium Oxide (Bi 3 YO 6 ), A New Electrode Material For Asymmetric Aqueous Supercapacitors

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Bismuth Yttrium Oxide ­(Bi3YO6), A New Electrode Material For Asymmetric Aqueous Supercapacitors Muhammad Sajjad1 · Sana Ullah Asif1 · Linlin Guan1 · Yangjing Jiao1 · Yuhan Jiang1 · Linlin Zhang1 · Jia Wen1 · Shuyu Zhang1 · Yuting Lin1 · Shuangshuang Zhang1 · Zhiwei Ding1 · Yang Ren1 · Xiaowei Zhou1 · Wanbiao Hu1,2 · Zhu Liu1  Received: 1 August 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract Bismuth-Yttrium Oxide ­Bi3YO6 (BYO) is well-known among researchers for its potential applications in different fields but its use as an electrode for asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) has not yet been discussed and uncovered. As high energy and power densities could be well achieved with the aid of optimum potential. In the current scenario, BYO is used as an electrode material for ASCs for the first time. The material is prepared by a solid-state reaction method and its structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties have been explored by using different characterization tools. Structural analysis declared the flourite based structure of BYO having a cubic phase without any visible impurity. In a morphological analysis, a mesoporous thin film with a high surface area (~ 36.6 m2 g−1) with a narrow pore width of (~ 5–18 nm) has been observed. The as-prepared BYO employed as an electrode material for SCs delivers a high specific capacitance of (388 F ­g−1 at 100 m ­Vs−1 in the three-electrode system) with excellent cycling stability (5% loss after 6000 cycles). Essentially, an ASC is assembled using BYO and rGO as a positive and negative electrodes operating in a stable and wide potential window up to 2.2 V. Moreover, a high energy density of 11 Wh k­ g−1 along with a power density of 648 W kg−1 is obtained and maintained a high power density of 888 W kg−1 with the downfall of energy density to 3.7 Wh k­ g−1. The results prove electrode material as an alternative promising candidate for ASCs. Keywords  Bismuth yttrium oxide · ASC · Supercapacitors · Energy density · Ragone plot · Power density

1 Introduction Huge consumption of energy and heavy industries in the current lifestyle turned the focus of research to fulfill the demand for energy. Moreover, an interest in researchers in Muhammad Sajjad and Sana Ullah Asif have contributed equally to this work. * Wanbiao Hu [email protected] * Zhu Liu [email protected] 1



School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University, Yunnan Province, Kunming 650091, P. R. China



Key Laboratory of LCR Materials and Devices of Yunnan Province, National Center for International Research On Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China

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on the rise to convert natural energy sources into electricity. Although maximum power can be obtained from natural resources, so resources effectively required an efficient energy storage system with excellent stability [1–5]. To fulfill this requirement, batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) are the most commonly

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