Facile synthesis of plate-like copper sulfide powder as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors
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Facile synthesis of plate-like copper sulfide powder as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors J. Barqi1, S. M. Masoudpanah1,* 1
, and M. Sh. Bafghi1
School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran
Received: 1 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 21 August 2020
Plate-like CuS particles were prepared by a facile chemical synthesis method. The effects of thiourea contents on phase, morphology and electrochemical properties were studied by modern characterization techniques. A mechanism was proposed for morphology evolution from spherical to plate-like with the increase of amounts of thiourea. The precipitation of [Cu4(tu)9](NO3)44H2O complex was postulated as a reason for the crystallization of plate-like CuS particles which showed a pseudocapacitor behavior with a specific capacitance of 517 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. The appropriate electrochemical characteristics were attributed to the unique structure of plate-like CuS particles, improving the charge transport and electrolyte diffusion.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction Supercapacitors as electrochemical energy storage devices have attracted a great attention due to their fast rate of dis/charging in comparison with secondary batteries [1–3]. The supercapacitors store electrical energy either by accumulation of charges at the electrolyte–electrode interface or by Faradic reaction [4]. Pseudocapacitors which work on the base of Faradic reaction have higher capacitance and energy density [5, 6]. Transition metal oxides such as MnO2, NiO, and Co3O4 are usually used as electroactive materials in the pseudocapacitors [7, 8]. However, the metal oxides exhibit the poor cycling stability because of the large volume change during Faradic reaction. Recently, transition metal sulfides
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04316-4
(TMSs) such as CoS, NiS, MnS, and MoS2 have been the subject of significant attentions as energy storage materials in supercapacitors and lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, owing to the high electrical conductivity and fast redox transitions among different valence states [9–11]. Although the TMSs have good theoretical capacitance and unique structure, they are subjected to the short cycling performance. Therefore, it is desired to explore metal sulfide with high specific capacitance, excellent cyclic stability, low-cost, and earth abundance [12]. Copper sulfide as a transition metal chalcogenide has been widely used in many fields such as electrochemical energy storage devices, photocatalysts, and enzyme-free sensors [13–15]. The covellite (CuS), chalcocite (CuS2), and villamaninite (Cu2S) are typical
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
stoichiometric compositions of copper sulfide [16]. Among them, the covellite (CuS) with hexagonal crystal structure shows the high theoretical capacitance and cycling stability owing to its good electronic condu
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