Blast furnace reactions
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Blast Furnace Reactions
E. T. TURKDOGAN
Vast advances have been made in blast-furnace technology during the past two decades t h r o u g h p l a n t t r i a l s a n d p l a n t d e v e l o p m e n t s a s s i s t e d b y r e s e a r c h to p r o v i d e b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g of p h y s i c a l a n d c h e m i c a l w o r k i n g s of t h e b l a s t f u r n a c e . T h e f i e l d s of r e s e a r c h have included factors affecting heat and mass transfer in the blast-furnace stack; reducib i l i t y o f t h e b u r d e n ; r e s i s t a n c e of t h e b u r d e n t o s w e l l i n g , b r e a k a g e , a n d s t i c k i n g ; a l k a l i r e c y c l e ; r e a c t i v i t y of c o k e ; a n d s l a g - m e t a l r e a c t i o n s . T h e a d v a n c e d k n o w l e d g e a c q u i r e d i n e a c h of t h e s e f i e l d s h a s c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e c u r r e n t d e v e l o p m e n t of l a r g e - c a p a c i t y b l a s t f u r n a c e s w i t h h i g h p r o d u c t i o n c a p a b i l i t i e s a t low c o k e r a t e s .
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i s a p r i v i l e g e f o r m e to s e r v e t h e I r o n a n d S t e e l S o c i e t y of A I M E a s t h e 1978 H o w e M e m o r i a l L e c t u r e r . This annual event is a special tribute to Henry Marion H o w e i n r e c o g n i t i o n of h i s c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h e s c i e n c e of m e t a l l u r g y i n t h e e a r l y d a y s of i t s d e v e l o p m e n t . W e see from his biography, as presented so well by A u s t i n 1 i n 1970, t h a t H e n r y M a r i o n H o w e h a d a k e e n i n t e r e s t i n m a n y a r e a s of m e t a l l u r g y , b o t h f e r r o u s a n d n o n f e r r o u s . T h e t o p i c of m y l e c t u r e t o d a y w o u l d , h o p e f u l l y , b e a m o n g m a n y of h i s d i v e r s i f i e d i n t e r e s t s ; Although it was not intentionally planned as such, my l e c t u r e t u r n s o u t t o b e a s e q u e l to t h e l e c t u r e p r e s e n t e d last year by Dancy 2 on the developments in ironmaking during the past thirty years. In this lecture, I shall s u r v e y t h e c u r r e n t s t a t e of k n o w l e d g e of b l a s t f u r n a c e reactions and present some new thoughts, which hopefully will stimulate further research with the purpose of a i d i n g f u t u r e d e v e l o p m e n t s in i r o n m a k i n g . In t h i s o v e r v i e w of b l a s t - f u r n a c e r e a c t i o n s I s h a l l discuss briefly: gas-composition and temperature proThe Howe Memorial Lecture was established in 1923 by the Iron and Steel Division, now the Iron and Steel Society, o f AIME. The Lecturer is selected for his outstanding contributions to the science and practiee o f iron and steel inetallurgy or metallography.
E. T. TURKDOGAN is Senior Research Consultant at U.S. Steel's Research Laboratory in MonroeviUe,Pa. He joined U.S. Steel in 1959 as Staff Scientist at the E.C. Bain Laboratory for Fundamental Research and in 1964 became Manager of ChemicalMetallurgy at the Research Laboratory in
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