Blood markers among residents from a coal mining area
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Blood markers among residents from a coal mining area Ana Paula Bigliardi 1,2 & Caroline Lopes Feijo Fernandes 1,2 & Edlaine Acosta Pinto 1 & Marina dos Santos 1,2 & Edariane Menestrino Garcia 1 & Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch 1 & Maria Cristina Flores Soares 1 & Ana Luíza Muccillo-Baisch 1,2 & Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior 1,2 Received: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Coal extraction and processing generate environmental contamination, which has several negative impacts on human health. Hematological and biochemical parameters are effective biomarkers of the exposure of a population to air pollutants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters in adult residents in a coal mining region in the largest national reserve in Brazil, as well as to investigate their relations with air quality. The study included three cities in the south of Brazil, which are located near an important power plant and coal mine. The air quality was analyzed by PM10, NOx, and SO2 at five air quality monitoring stations, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were evaluated with a questionnaire, and biochemical parameters were assessed in blood samples. The mean PM10 in the study area was 19.18 μg/m3. The air quality varied among the five monitoring stations, and the Candiota station exceeded the reference limit by 63.3%. In general, participants had lived more than 10 years in the municipality and had hepatic and renal parameters within the reference values. A higher prevalence of alterations was found in hematological parameters (43.1%) and liver function (30%). Among the three cities, the population of Pedras Altas seems to have a greater impairment of the blood parameters evaluated. The only parameter that was correlated with PM10 was the hematocrit level (r = 0.33; P < 0.001). Keywords Blood parameters . Candiota . Particulate matter . Environmental pollution . Coal
Introduction Coal is the second most important energy source, provides approximately 40% of the world’s electricity, and is forecasted to continue to supply a strategic share over the next three decades (World Energy Council 2016). In Brazil, coal is considered an important energy resource owing to the significant coal reserves and the low cost of extraction (De Santana et al. 2011). The largest national reserve, located in the Paraná Responsible Editor: Lotfi Aleya * Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior [email protected] 1
Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos - LEFT, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Av. Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
2
Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde. – Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rua Visconde de Paranaguá 102 Centro, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
Basin (in the southern region of the country), has approximately 12 billion tons of coal, 90% of wh
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