Boiler Safety in South Asia
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Boiler Safety in South Asia Akshoy Ranjan Paul1
•
Firoz Alam2 • Anuj Jain1 • Mohammad Sharafat Ali3
Received: 23 April 2018 / Accepted: 24 June 2020 Ó The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020
Abstract The fast-growing economic development in developing countries led by South Asia creates a large demand for the use of boilers/pressure vessels. Non-compliance of standards, poor design, operations, maintenance, shortage of skilled personnel, education and safety awareness are responsible for the increasing boiler fatalities in South Asia. This paper highlights issues related high boiler explosion fatalities in developing nations especially in South Asia. Some actions that can significantly increase the boiler safety and reduce fatalities are also elaborated. Keywords Pressure vessel/boiler Safety Boiler/pressure vessel standards Boiler operation
Introduction The use of pressure vessels/boilers has begun hand in hand with the industrial revolutions and socio-economic prosperity, resulting in an increase in hazards including boiler/pressure vessel explosion, deaths, injuries, fire, property damages, commercial and financial losses [1]. Presently the boiler/ pressure vessel explosion is considered the number one threat and danger for industrial safety and health safety. The statistical data demonstrate that the & Akshoy Ranjan Paul [email protected] 1
Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
2
School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
3
Office of the Chief Inspector of Boilers, Ministry of Industries, Dhaka, Bangladesh
explosion of boiler/pressure vessel has had devastating impact on humans, properties, business operation and environment irrespective of its extent or capacity. The boiler/pressure blasts have substantial impacts in emerging (developing) countries as the blast not only ruins properties and individuals but also destroys the earnings and often the only wage earner of socio-economic disadvantaged people. Often, a generation’s life-building dream is perished by the tragedies [1]. Traditionally steel/ alloy steel made boilers/pressure vessels are used in factories/mills including fertiliser industries, thermal power plants, chemical industries, pharmaceutical industries, sugar mills, textiles industries, paper mills, sugar mills, cotton mills, rice mills, jute mills, garments industries, feed mills, etc. Boilers/pressure vessels are also used in homes and offices (for water heating, central heating, cooking, etc.), hospitals and other public and commercial activities. Generally, pressure vessels with the steam pressure between 0.07 and 2 MPa are known as boiler, and above 2 MPa is termed steam generator [2, 3]. The Australian Standard AS2593:2004 (Reconfirmed in 2016) states that a boiler is ‘‘An arrangement of vessels and interconnecting parts, wherein steam or other vapour is generated, or water or other liquid is heated at a pressure above tha
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