Both the contribution of soil nitrogen and of biological N 2 fixation to sugarcane can increase with the inoculation of
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Both the contribution of soil nitrogen and of biological N2 fixation to sugarcane can increase with the inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria Doãn Sperandio Martins & Veronica Massena Reis & Nivaldo Schultz & Bruno J. R. Alves & Segundo Urquiaga & Willian Pereira & Jailson Silva Sousa & Robert Michael Boddey
Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Aims This study was performed to determine if the contribution of biological N2 fixation (BNF) associated with Brazilian sugarcane cultivars could be increased by the inoculation with N2-fixing bacteria. Methods The field experiment was planted with two sugarcane cultivars, inoculated or not, with five N2fixing bacteria. All plant tissues, including belowground, were harvested for determination of dry matter, N accumulation and 15N abundance at five occasions until 450 days after planting. Results Inoculation significantly increased total N accumulation in the aerial tissue of cultivar RB867515 from 147 to 199 kg N ha−1 and cultivar RB92579 from 126 to 192 N kg ha−1. At final harvest 15N abundances of entire sugarcane plants compared to that of plant-available N indicated that BNF inputs were over 64%. Total N derived from BNF and the soil was increased by Responsible Editor: Ulrike Mathesius. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04621-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. D. S. Martins : N. Schultz : W. Pereira : J. S. Sousa Soils Department, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, Km 07, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23890-000, Brazil V. M. Reis : B. J. R. Alves : S. Urquiaga : R. M. Boddey (*) Embrapa Agrobiologia, Km 07, Rodovia BR 465, Seropédica, RJ 23891-000, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] URL: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3648-9859
inoculation, by 50 and 17 kg N ha−1 and 36 and 67 kg N ha−1, for the two cultivars respectively. Conclusions Without inoculation, the two sugarcane cultivars obtained over 65% of N from BNF. Inoculation with the five component inoculant increased N accumulation from soil and BNF but with little impact on the proportion of N derived from BNF. Keywords 15N natural abundance . Bacterial inoculant . Biological N2 fixation . Sugarcane . Plant growth promotion
Introduction Sugarcane is one of the most important economic activities of intensive agriculture in Brazil and is responsible for the production of sugar, alcohol, generation of electricity from bagasse and other sub products such as yeasts, plastics and animal feed. The planted area has remained approximately constant over the last 10 years at around 8.6 million hectares (Bordonal et al. 2018), but mean cane yields have decreased from just over 80 Mg ha−1 to approximately 76 Mg ha−1 today. Apart from restricted investment in inputs, the fall in yields may be related to soil compaction and damaged ratoons as machine harvesting (90% CONAB 2019). Sugarcane has been planted for many years in
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