BRAF V600E status and clinical characteristics in solitary and multiple papillary thyroid carcinoma: experience of 512 c
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WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
RESEARCH
Open Access
BRAFV600E status and clinical characteristics in solitary and multiple papillary thyroid carcinoma: experience of 512 cases at a clinical center in China Xiangqian Zheng1, Tingting Xia1, Lin Lin1, Songyuan Gao2, Yigong Lee1, Yang Yu1, Songfeng Wei1 and Ming Gao1,3*
Abstract Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most frequent endocrine malignancies. In most cases, it often presents as multifocal tumor. It has been reported that multifocal tumors are associated with elevated risk of lymph node and distant metastases. Multifocality is also one of the factors predicting prognosis. Recent studies show that BRAFV600E mutation occurs more frequently in aggressive PTC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate BRAFV600E status and clinicopathological features in multiple and solitary PTC. Methods: We performed a retrospective study to analyze 512 PTC cases who received surgery, including 376 solitary PTCs and 136 multiple PTCs. Results: Multiple PTC is more related to lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion than solitary PTC. However, the distant metastasis rate and 10-year survival rate showed no difference between these two groups. BRAFV600E mutation status was more frequent in multiple PTC patients with lymph node metastasis and late stage at diagnosis. Conclusion: BRAFV600E mutation is most commonly associated with extra-thyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis in PTC. Multiple PTC patients with young age, large tumors and BRAFV600E mutation should be followed carefully. Our study provides useful information for PTC patients’ followup and treatment. Keywords: Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Multiple PTC, Solitary PTC, BRAFV600E mutation
Background Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm, and one of the leading causes of death in patients with endocrine cancers [1,2]. The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing more rapidly than other cancers in both the United States [3] and other countries [4]. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent type of thyroid cancer and represents one of the most frequent endocrine malignancies [5-7], it originates from * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P. R. China 3 Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Huanhuxi Road, Ti-Yuan-Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, P.R. China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
the follicular cells of the thyroid. Surgery can cure most well-differentiated thyroid cancer when diagnosed and treated in early stage before the establishment of local or distant metastases. However, there are still some patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer that die of the disease. PTC is often present as multiple tumors [8,9]. Postsurgical pathologic analysis has shown that 18% to 87% of PTC have multiple noncontiguous tumor foc
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