Brain activation and connectivity in anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder when viewing bodies: relationships to
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Brain activation and connectivity in anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder when viewing bodies: relationships to clinical symptoms and perception of appearance Teena D. Moody 1,2 & Francesca Morfini 3 & Gigi Cheng 1,2 & Courtney L. Sheen 1,2 & Wesley T Kerr 2,4 & Michael Strober 1,2 & Jamie D. Feusner 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are characterized by distorted perception of appearance, yet no studies have directly compared the neurobiology associated with body perception. We compared AN and BDD in brain activation and connectivity in relevant networks when viewing images of others’ bodies and tested their relationships with clinical symptoms and subjective appearance evaluations. We acquired fMRI data from 64 unmedicated females (20 weight-restored AN, 23 BDD, 21 controls) during a matching task using unaltered or spatial-frequency filtered photos of others’ bodies. Using general linear model and independent components analyses we compared brain activation and connectivity in visual, striatal, and parietal networks and performed univariate and partial least squares multivariate analyses to investigate relationships with clinical symptoms and appearance evaluations. AN and BDD showed partially overlapping patterns of hyperconnectivity in the dorsal visual network and hypoconnectivity in parietal network compared with controls. BDD, but not AN, demonstrated hypoactivity in dorsal visual and parietal networks compared to controls. Further, there were significant activity and connectivity differences between AN and BDD in both networks. In both groups, activity and/or connectivity were associated with symptom severity and appearance ratings of others’ bodies. Thus, AN and BDD demonstrate both distinct and partially-overlapping aberrant neural phenotypes involved in body processing and visually encoding global features. Nevertheless, in each disorder, aberrant activity and connectivity show relationships to clinically relevant symptoms and subjective perception. These results have implications for understanding distinct and shared pathophysiology underlying perceptual distortions of appearance and may inform future novel treatment strategies. Keywords Spatial frequency . Visual processing . Brain connectivity . Brain activation . fMRI . Independent components analysis . Partial least squares
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-020-00323-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Teena D. Moody [email protected] 1
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA
2
UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
3
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
4
Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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