Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids Biomarkers in Circulation
This book examines in depth the evidence, clinical applications and potential cancer signatures in the circulation and discusses alterations in circulating cell-free nucleic acids, and circulating tumor DNA, as well as the epigenome, genome, transcriptome
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Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids Biomarkers in Circulation
Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids
Gabriel D. Dakubo
Cancer Biomarkers in Body Fluids Biomarkers in Circulation
Gabriel D. Dakubo Medical Sciences Division Northern Ontario School of Medicine West Campus, Lakehead University Thunder Bay, Ontario Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-48359-7 ISBN 978-3-319-48360-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-48360-3
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016959613 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
To my best friend and wife, Crescentia, and our beloved children, Collins, Ethan, Bernard, and Zaneta. In memory of George and Nicholas.
Preface
Cancer is a complex disease that continues to burden global healthcare. This affliction can mostly be safely curtailed with enormous investments in technology, coupled with the required regulatory oversight, especially in regard to the biomarker and drug development and approval processes. Efforts at the regulatory and other institutional levels are accelerating the pace of the cancer biomarker development process. Thus, a new era of cancer care has dawned due to the important utilization of cancer biomarkers in companion diagnostics and personalized biotherapies. The early detection of cancer enables the successful deployment of curativeintent interventions including surgery and chemoprevention. Detecting all cancers at their precursor stages is a formidable task, such that currently only a few cancers are adequately screened for at the population level (e.g., Pap smear). Several strategies target risk group identification for surveillance, employing approaches such as invasive endoscopies and imaging. Although these “screening” procedures are important to cancer management, th
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