Cancer Immunotherapy via Dendritic Cells
Owing to their properties, dendritic cells (DCs) are often called “nature’s adjuvants,” and thus have become the natural targets for antigen delivery. DCs provide an essential link between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system. DCs control
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Cancer Immunotherapy via Dendritic Cells Karolina Palucka and Jacques Banchereau
Abstract Owing to their properties, dendritic cells (DCs) are often called “nature’s adjuvants,” and thus have become the natural targets for antigen delivery. DCs provide an essential link between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system. DCs control both tolerance and immunity. Therefore, DCs are key targets for both preventive and therapeutic vaccination. Herein, we will discuss the physiology of DCs as it applies to immunotherapy of cancer.
Contents 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 The Biology of DC Subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 Basics of DC Biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 Basics of DC Subsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Human DC Subsets and Humoral Immune Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Human DC Subsets and Cellular Immune Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Cancer Immunotherapy via DCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Vaccination via DCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Vaccination via DCs: In Vivo DC Targeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.3 Modulating DCs in Tumor Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Final Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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K. Palucka (*) • J. Banchereau Ralph M. Steinmann Center for Cancer Vaccines, Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak Avenue, Dallas, TX, USA e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] M. Klink (ed.), Interaction of Immune and Cancer Cells, DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1300-4_4, © Springer-Verlag Wien 2014
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Introduction
The immune system has the potential to eliminate neoplastic cells. Perhaps the most compelling evidence of tumor immunosurveillance in humans is provided by paraneoplastic diseases which link neurological disorders to an anti-tumor response [1]. Onconeural antigens, normally expressed
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