Capabilities of the Gamma-400 Gamma-ray Telescope for Observation of Electrons and Positrons in the TeV Energy Range
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ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Experiment
Capabilities of the Gamma-400 Gamma-ray Telescope for Observation of Electrons and Positrons in the TeV Energy Range A. A. Leonov1), 2)* , A. M. Galper1), 2) , N. P. Topchiev2), A. V. Bakaldin2), 3) , M. D. Kheimits1) , A. V. Mikhailova1), V. V. Mikhailov1), and S. I. Suchkov2) Received July 15, 2019; revised July 15, 2019; accepted July 15, 2019
Abstract—The space-based GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope will measure the fluxes of gamma rays in the energy range from ∼20 MeV to several TeV and cosmic-ray electrons and positrons in the energy range from several GeV to several TeV to investigate the origin of gamma-ray sources, sources and propagation of the Galactic cosmic rays and signatures of dark matter. The instrument consists of an anticoincidence system, a converter-tracker (thickness one radiation length, 1 X0 ), a time-of-flight system, an imaging calorimeter (2 X0 ) with tracker, a top shower scintillator detector, an electromagnetic calorimeter from CsI(Tl) crystals (16 X0 ) with four lateral scintillation detectors and a bottom shower scintillator detector. In this paper, the capability of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope for electron and positron measurements is analyzed. The bulk of cosmic rays are protons, whereas the contribution of the leptonic component to the total flux is ∼10−3 at high energy. The special methods for Monte Carlo simulations are proposed to distinguish electrons and positrons from proton background in the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope. The contribution to the proton rejection from each detector system of the instrument is studied separately. The use of the combined information from all detectors allows us to reach a proton rejection of up to ∼1 × 104 . DOI: 10.1134/S1063778819660359
1. INTRODUCTION The GAMMA-400 instrument [1–3] was developed to address a broad range of scientific goals, such as search for signatures of dark matter, studies of galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray sources, galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, gammaray bursts. Meanwhile, the instrument allows us to measure also high-energy charged particles such as protons, electrons and positrons. High-precision measurement of total electron and positron flux is an important task in the light of recent data from the DAMPE [4], CALET [5], AMS-02 [6] and FermiLAT [7] experiments, which found several features in the spectral shape of their flux and are weakly consistent with each other. GAMMA-400 is equipped with a rather thick calorimeter and has a larger geometric acceptance, which will provide high statistics up to several TeV. It is important also, that the instrument will operate in space without the occultation of the 1)
National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Russia. 2) P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. 3) Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. * E-mail: [email protected]
Earth. This paper describes the performance o
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