Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
This volume sets out the scientific basis for the current understanding of climate change. It synthesizes and collates an extensive scientific knowledge to show why climate is changing, and the consequences of those changes. Starting with glo
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Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
David A.N. Ussiri Rattan Lal •
Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
123
Rattan Lal Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus, OH USA
David A.N. Ussiri Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus, OH USA
ISBN 978-3-319-53843-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53845-7
ISBN 978-3-319-53845-7
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017932424 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
This is the era of global warming with the associated climate change, and increase in the frequency of extreme events. Beginning with the Industrial Revolution since circa 1750, the atmospheric concentration of heat-trapping greenhouse gases (GHGs) has increased significantly as a result of anthropogenic activities. Three major GHGs and their current atmospheric abundance relative to Industrial Era circa 1750 are carbon dioxide (CO2) 145%, methane (CH4) 254%, and nitrous oxide (N2O) 121%. Other human-created GHGs are sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and many halogenated species. Emission of GHGs to the atmosphere is of a primary concern worldwide because the radiative properties of the atmosphere are strongly impacted by their abundance in the atmosphere. These gases have sometimes been referred to as well-mixed or long-lived GHGs because they are sufficiently mixed in the troposphere such that conc
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