Cardiac Bioelectric Therapy Mechanisms and Practical Implications
Pacing and defibrillation have become the leading therapeutic treatments of heart rhythm disorders, including bradycardia and tachycardia. The history of the successful development of bioelectric therapies includes the development of experimental and theo
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Cardiac Bioelectric Therapy Mechanisms and Practical Implications Edited by
Igor R. Efimov, PhD Washington University St. Louis, MO Mark W. Kroll, PhD California Polytechnic University and University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN Patrick J. Tchou, MD Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH Foreword by Raymond E. Ideker, MD, PhD
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Igor R. Efimov, Ph.D. Washington University St. Louis, MO
Mark W. Kroll, Ph.D. California Polytechnic University and University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN
Patrick J. Tchou, M.D. Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH
ISBN: 978-0-387-79402-0
e-ISBN: 978-0-387-79403-7
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008936096 c 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Contents Preface
xv
List of Contributors
xix
Foreword
Part I
xxiii
History
1.1 History of Cardiac Pacing 3 Earl Bakken: One Version of the First Pacemaker Story......................................................3 The Long List of Inventions and Observations that Led to the Pacemaker.....................4 Pulse Theory and Observations that Bradycardia Leads to Syncope........................4 Early Cardiac Pacing....................................................................................................................5 Internal Pacemakers......................................................................................................................6 Pacing for Nonsurgeons.........................................................................................................7 Power Innovations .................................................................................................................. 8 Programming...........................................................................................................................8 Dual-Chamber Pacing............................................................................................................9 Activity
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