Career Development and Systems Theory Connecting Theory and Practice

Career Development and Systems Theory: Connecting Theory and Practice offers practitioners, researchers and students a comprehensive introduction to, and overview of, career theory; introduces the Systems Theory Framework of career development; and demons

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CAREER DEVELOPMENT SERIES Connecting Theory and Practice Volume 6 Series Editor Wendy Patton, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Editorial Board Audrey Collin, DeMontfort University, Leicester, UK Kobus Maree, University of Pretoria, South Africa Peter McIlveen, University of Southern Queensland, Australia Vladimir Skorikov, University of Hawaii, USA Raoul van Esbroeck, Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Belgium

Scope Recent developments in the literature on career have begun to reflect a greater global reach and acknowledgement of an international/ global understanding of career. These developments have demanded a more inclusive understanding of career as it is experienced by individuals around the world. Related issues within the career literature include the relationships within the career theory literature, or theory integration and convergence, and between theory and practice. The influence of constructivism is another influence which is receiving sustained attention within the field. The series will be cutting edge in focusing on each of these areas, and will be truly global in its authorship and application. The primary focus of the series is the theory-practice nexus.

Career Development and Systems Theory Connecting Theory and Practice 3rd Edition

Wendy Patton Queensland University of Technology, Australia and Mary McMahon The University of Queensland, Australia

SENSE PUBLISHERS ROTTERDAM / BOSTON / TAIPEI

A C.I.P. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 978-94-6209-633-2 (paperback) ISBN 978-94-6209-634-9 (hardback) ISBN 978-94-6209-635-6 (e-book)

Published by: Sense Publishers, P.O. Box 21858, 3001 AW Rotterdam, The Netherlands https://www.sensepublishers.com/

Printed on acid-free paper

All rights reserved © 2014 Sense Publishers No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

CONTENTS

PREFACE ABOUT THE AUTHORS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES

xiii xvii xix xxi

PART 1: REVIEW OF EXISTING THEORIES CHAPTER 1 RATIONALE FOR A SYSTEMS THEORY PERSPECTIVE DEFINITIONS The Meaning of ‘Career’ Career Development BRIEF HISTORY OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY THE STRUCTURE OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT THEORY Theories of Content Theories of Process Theories of Content and Process Wider Explanations Constructivist/Social Constructionist Approaches Issues Related to Categorisation Philosophical Underpinnings of Our Understandings of Career Applying Systems Theory to Career Development CONCLUSION

3 4 4 7 9 10 15 16 16 16 17 18 20 22 25

CHAPTER 2 THEORIES FOCUSING ON CONTENT THE WORK OF FRANK PARSONS DIFFERENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY Trait and Factor Theory Limitations and Criticisms of Trait and Factor Theory Five Factor Model of Per