Cell performance enhancement facilitated by mixed ionic and electronic conductor fiber for protonic ceramic fuel cells
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Cell performance enhancement facilitated by mixed ionic and electronic conductor fiber for protonic ceramic fuel cells Sangho Park 1 & Sewook Lee 1 & Hyeonwoo Baek 1 & Dongwook Shin 1 Received: 18 December 2019 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study examines the electrochemical properties of a fibrous composite cathode for protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFC). Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3-δ (SSC) fibers having embedded BaCe0.5Zr0.35Y0.15O3-δ (BCZY) particles were fabricated using the electrospinning process. The BCZY powders were prepared using the conventional citrate-nitrate method. It was subsequently mixed with an SSC solution comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone and aqueous metal nitrate. By electro-spinning the obtained mixture, continuous and longish fibers were obtained, yielding a fiber diameter of 150–200 nm after calcination. The calcined composite nanofibers were deposited via the electrostatic slurry spray deposition technique as a cathode layer on a half-cell comprising NiO and BCZY. According to the results of the single-cell measurement, the fibrous composite cathode exhibited much higher electrochemical properties than a typical nanocomposite cathode over the entire operating temperature range of 550–700 °C. Specifically, the polarization resistance of the fibrous composite cathodes was 0.186 Ω·cm2 at 700 °C, lower than that of a typical nanocomposite cathode. In accordance with the impedance analysis, the maximum power density given by the I–V curve was 642 mW/cm2 at 700 °C, which is regarded as reasonable performance for PCFCs. Keywords Protonic ceramic fuel cells . Fibrous composite cathode . Electro-spinning . Microstructure
1 Introduction There are several types of hydrogen fuel cells designed for sustainable energy production. Among them, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have attracted interest because of their high energy conversion efficiency and fuel flexibility. However, commercialization has been hindered because of their disadvantageous high operating temperature [1–3]. Although the technology provides an advancement toward feasible deployable SOFCs, their current status remains unsatisfactory, owing to the severity of their operating conditions and durations [4]. Therefore, recent studies have conceived new types of SOFCs (i.e., proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFC)), which are considered to be very promising because of their reasonable performance stemming from their fast-proton conduction in electrolytes at intermediate temperatures (550 ≤ 700 °C) [5–7]. Apart from this progress, another challenge surrounds their increased and undesirable * Dongwook Shin [email protected] 1
Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
cathode polarization at low temperatures [8, 9]. This refers to a decrease in the rate of surface reactions and bulk diffusion in the cathode: major causes of decreased performance [8]. To overcome this problem, two types of representative approaches for the cathode are being
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