Characteristic of COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients: early findings from two Italian Pediatric Research Networks
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Characteristic of COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients: early findings from two Italian Pediatric Research Networks Niccolò Parri 1 & Anna Maria Magistà 2 & Federico Marchetti 3 & Barbara Cantoni 4 & Alberto Arrighini 5 & Marta Romanengo 6 & Enrico Felici 7 & Antonio Urbino 8 & Liviana Da Dalt 9 & Lucio Verdoni 10 & Benedetta Armocida 11 & Benedetta Covi 11 & Ilaria Mariani 11 & Roberta Giacchero 12 & Anna Maria Musolino 13 & Marco Binotti 14 & Paolo Biban 15 & Silvia Fasoli 16 & Chiara Pilotto 17 & Flavia Nicoloso 18 & Massimiliano Raggi 19 & Elisabetta Miorin 20 & Danilo Buonsenso 21,22 & Massimo Chiossi 23 & Rino Agostiniani 24 & Anna Plebani 25 & Maria Antonietta Barbieri 13 & Marcello Lanari 26 & Serena Arrigo 27 & Elena Zoia 28 & Matteo Lenge 29,30,31 & Stefano Masi 1 & Egidio Barbi 11,32 & Marzia Lazzerini 11,33 & on behalf of the CONFIDENCE and COVID-19 Italian Pediatric Study Networks Received: 14 April 2020 / Revised: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 9 May 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Detailed data on clinical presentations and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in Europe are still lacking. In this descriptive study, we report on 130 children with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed by 28 centers (mostly hospitals), in 10 regions in Italy, during the first months of the pandemic. Among these, 67 (51.5%) had a relative with COVID-19 while 34 (26.2%) had comorbidities, with the most frequent being respiratory, cardiac, or neuromuscular chronic diseases. Overall, 98 (75.4%) had an asymptomatic or mild disease, 11 (8.5%) had moderate disease, 11 (8.5%) had a severe disease, and 9 (6.9%) had a critical presentation with infants below 6 months having significantly increased risk of critical disease severity (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 29.1). Seventy-five (57.7%) children were hospitalized, 15 (11.5%) needed some respiratory support, and nine (6.9%) were treated in an intensive care unit. All recovered. Conclusion:This descriptive case series of children with COVID-19, mostly encompassing of cases enrolled at hospital level, suggest that COVID-19 may have a non-negligible rate of severe presentations in selected pediatric populations with a relatively high rates of comorbidities. More studies are needed to further understand the presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in children with special needs. What is Known: • There is limited evidence on the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in Europe, and almost no evidence on characteristics and risk factors of severe cases. What is New: • Among a case series of 130 children, mostly diagnosed at hospital level, and with a relatively high rate (26.2%) of comorbidities, about three-quarter had an asymptomatic or mild disease. • However, 57.7% were hospitalized, 11.5% needed some respiratory support, and 6.9% were treated in an intensive care unit.
Keywords COVID-19 . Children . Adolescents . Italy
Communicated by Nicole Ritz Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s004
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