Characteristic of water chemistry and hydrodynamics of deep karst and its influence on deep coal mining
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Characteristic of water chemistry and hydrodynamics of deep karst and its influence on deep coal mining A case study in Dongtan Coal Mine, Shandong, China Wei Qiao & Wenping Li & Xin Zhang
Received: 3 January 2013 / Accepted: 17 February 2013 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2013
Abstract The mining depth of main coal mines could reach around 600 m in eastern North China, and extends to the dept with speed of around 12 m/a. As the basement of eastern North China-type coal mine, the Ordovician karst aquifer is the main water source that influences the carboniferous coal seam mining. As the deep karst water has large buried depth and high water pressure (8–12 MPa), with10–30 m space between high pressure aquifer and coal seam, the geological area of deep coal occurrence is often forbidden for mining. Environmental damage, to a greater or lesser degree, is caused by coal mining. On the basis of analyzing the hydrogeological conditions of mining areas, this paper introduces the hydrogeological survey work of ultra-high confined karst water deep in the coal seam floor within researched region for preventing and controlling water disaster of the mine. After researching into the hydrogeological investigation data in the researched region, we explored the hydrodynamic and water chemical characteristics of deep karst water by using pumping test, dynamic observation, and dewatering test. Finally, this study suggests that the hydraulic pressure of deep mining could be mined, on the circumstances that reasonable and effective of water prevention measures are taken based on a detailed survey on water abundance of deep karst.
W. Qiao (*) : W. Li : X. Zhang School of Resources and Earth Science, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China e-mail: [email protected] W. Qiao Postdoctoral Workstation, Yankuang Group, 273500 Zoucheng, Shandong, China
Keywords Deep mining . Deep karst . Water chemistry . Hydrodynamics . Water abundance
Introduction China is one of the world’s richest countries in terms of karst water storage. Coal and groundwater are two kinds of natural resources stored in the same subsurface geological media. Karst water is the important source for local water supply, while at same time brings unsafe factors to coal resource exploration in the coal mining area of North China. Many researchers have focused on the relationship between the coal mining process and groundwater pollution and protection (Wu et al. 2000, 2002). In North China, thick limestone strata are often formed between the bottom and top of the coal seams in the process of sedimentation of the coal-measure strata. The severity of water hazards depends on the water abundance of the water-bearing strata and the conditions for water to enter the pit (Wu et al. 2009). Many studies were focused on the shallow karst, but less research results were obtained on the deep karst features of Ordovician limestone of North China-type coal measure strata base for its large buried depth and high exploration cost. Many scho
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