Characteristics of a phylogenetically ambiguous, arsenic-oxidizing Thiomonas sp., Thiomonas arsenitoxydans strain 3As T
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Characteristics of a phylogenetically ambiguous, arsenic-oxidizing Thiomonas sp., Thiomonas arsenitoxydans strain 3AsT sp. nov Djamila Slyemi • Danielle Moinier • Ce´line Brochier-Armanet • Violaine Bonnefoy D. Barrie Johnson
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Received: 23 December 2010 / Revised: 23 December 2010 / Accepted: 10 February 2011 / Published online: 16 March 2011 Ó Springer-Verlag 2011
Abstract A moderately acidophilic, facultative chemoautotrophic, As(III)-oxidizing Thiomonas sp. (strain 3AsT) was previously shown, on the basis of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequences, to be closely related to both Tm. perometabolis DSM 18570T and Tm. intermedia DSM 18155T. While it had shared many physiological traits with Tm. intermediaT, a mean DNA–DNA hybridization value (DDHV) of 47.2% confirmed that strain 3AsT was not a strain of Tm. intermedia, though the situation with regard to Tm. perometabolis (DDHV previously determined as 72%) was more ambiguous. A comparative physiological and chemotaxonomic study of strain 3AsT and Tm. perometabolisT was therefore carried out, together with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of all three bacteria. Differences in fatty acid profiles and utilization of organic substrates supported the view that strain 3AsT and Tm. perometabolis are distinct species, while MLSA showed a closer relationship between strain 3AsT and Tm. intermediaT than between strain 3AsT and Tm. perometabolisT. These apparent contradictory conclusions were explained
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00203-011-0684-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. D. Slyemi D. Moinier C. Brochier-Armanet V. Bonnefoy (&) C.N.R.S., Institut de Microbiologie de la Me´diterrane´e, Aix-Marseille Universite´, Laboratoire de Chimie Bacte´rienne, UPR9043, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille, France e-mail: [email protected] D. B. Johnson School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
by differences in genome of these three bacteria, which are known to be highly flexible in Thiomonas spp. A novel species designation Thiomonas arsenitoxydans is proposed for strain 3AsT (DSM 22701T, CIP 110005T), which is nominated as the type strain of this species. Keywords Thiomonas Thiomonas arsenitoxydans Arsenic DNA–DNA hybridization Multilocus sequence analysis
Introduction Water draining abandoned mine sites constitute an environmental hazard, as they are often acidic and contain elevated concentrations of metal(loid)s. However, some life-forms (mostly acidophilic or acid-tolerant microorganisms) thrive there, many making use of inorganic electron donors, such as ferrous iron and reduced forms of sulfur, that are typically abundant in mine waters (Johnson 2009). Besides obligately chemolithoautotrophs and phototrophs, some facultative autotrophs and obligate heterotrophs also inhabit mine waters, scavenging organic compounds originating from the primary producers as
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