Characterization of Fusarium root rot disease in grafted watermelon
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Characterization of Fusarium root rot disease in grafted watermelon Man Zhang & Xingping Yang & Jinhua Xu & Guang Liu & Xiefeng Yao & Runsheng Ren
Accepted: 12 May 2020 # Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging 2020
Abstract Root rot is an emerging disease of grafted watermelon in China that causes severe yield losses. The causal agents associated with this disease were characterized in this study. A total of 70 fungal isolates were recovered from infected roots, and the most prevalent isolates were identified as Fusarium oxysporum (31% of isolates recovered). F. oxysporum isolates induced typical root rot disease symptoms in pathogenicity tests, whereas the other isolates were nonpathogenic. On the basis of combined DNA sequence analyses, specific pathogenicity tests and root rot symptoms, the F. oxysporum was identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lagenariae. We evaluated 37 bottle gourd rootstocks for resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. radicislagenariae. The mean disease rating scores (DRSs) ranged from 1.1 to 4.0 at 20 days after inoculation. The rootstock 16S-71 was most resistant to infection. These findings provide useful information for the development of bottle gourd rootstocks with resistance to fusarium root rot and to manage this disease. Keywords Fusarium oxysporum . Grafted watermelon . Resistance . Rootstock . Root rot
Introduction Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai) is cultivated in approximately 100 countries worldwide and yields nearly 70 million tons per year (Jie and Wei 2018). However, watermelon production is limited by various diseases, especially the soil-borne disease fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (Hopkins and Elmstrom 1984). Grafting watermelon onto Cucurbita rootstocks has been proven to be one of the most promising strategies for managing soil-borne disease, especially for fusarium wilt (Lee and Oda 2003); enhancing tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as low temperatures, high salinity, and drought (Davis et al. 2008; Ntatsi et al. 2014; Niu et al. 2018; SánchezRodríguez et al. 2016); and increasing yield (Alan et al. 2017). Because of its high efficiency, the practice of grafting has been progressively adopted worldwide (Cohen et al. 2007; King et al. 2010; Kousik et al. 2012; Oda 1993, 2002; Yetisir and Sari 2007). Crown root rot is a severe disease in a wide variety of crops, including in the family Cucurbitaceae (Kousik et al. 2012; Shishido et al. 2017). Symptoms on diseased
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02013-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. Zhang : X. Yang (*) : J. Xu : G. Liu : X. Yao : R. Ren Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014Jiangsu province, People’s
Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
Eur J Plant Pathol
plants include cortical rot of the hypocotyl, taproot rot
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