Characterization of the interface between concrete pile and coral reef calcarenite using constant normal stiffness direc
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Characterization of the interface between concrete pile and coral reef calcarenite using constant normal stiffness direct shear test Haifeng Liu 1,2 & Changqi Zhu 1 & Ren Wang 1,2 & Xiang Cui 1,3 & Tianmin Wang 1,3 Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This research aims to study the bearing capacity of pre-bored rock-socketed concrete pile on coral reef calcarenite. Constant normal stiffness direct shear test is performed on the interface between the pile and the coral reef calcarenite sample. Observations are made towards the friction mechanism of the pile-rock interface and the consequent shear dilation behaviors. It is shown that the shear failure occurs exclusively inside the coral reef calcarenite. This is attributed to the diffusion and agglomeration of cement paste in the highly porous coral reef calcarenite during the construction. The shear strength of the pile-rock interface increases as the applied normal stress increases. The dilation of the shear failure surface after the peak strength decreases as the applied normal stress increases. When the applied normal stress amounts to 4 MPa, shrinkage is observed for the shear failure surface. When the pile-rock interface slides, the residual shear strength of the interface increases as the applied normal stress increases. Meanwhile, the curve of the residual shear strength versus the shear displacement is affected by the shape and the roughness of the shear failure surface and it fluctuates under different levels of normal stress. Keywords Coral reef calcarenite . Rock-socketed concrete pile . Constant normal stiffness direct shear test . Shear dilation
Introduction Coral reef is formed after the corpse of the reef-building coral undergoes a long-lasting geological process. Coral reef is mainly distributed in the tropical marine regions between the north and south latitudes. The famous Great Barrier Reef of Australia and the Maldives Archipelago are both typical coral reef terrains (Wang et al. 1997; Zhao 1996). As more and more engineering projects are introduced to the coral reef terrain around the world, pile foundation that is built on the cemented calcareous sediment of the coral reef (calcarenite) is * Haifeng Liu [email protected] * Changqi Zhu [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
2
Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
gaining more and more attention from engineers and researchers. Successful applications of pile foundation on the coral reef terrain include the NRA platform of Australia’s northwest continental shelf and the Sinamale Bridge of Maldives (Nyland 1988; Zhu et al. 2017). Researchers have carried out on-site drilling, geophysical survey, and lab
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