Chemical and morphological characterization of spherical Cu/Zn alloy microparticles produced by combustion synthesis
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Hayk H. Nersisyan Rapidly Solidified Materials Research Center, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
Ha-Guk Jeong Advanced Fusion Process R&D Group, KITECH, Incheon 406-130, Republic of Korea
Jong-Hyeon Leea) Graduate School of Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea; and Graduate School of Green Energy Technology, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea (Received 2 March 2012; accepted 16 July 2012)
Copper–zinc alloy (Cu/Zn) powders with different Zn to Cu molar ratios were prepared by the combustion synthesis technique using a CuO 1 0.15(C2H4)n 1 kZn (0.2 # k # 1.6 mol) reactive mixture. Depending on the Zn concentration, the combustion wave developed a temperature between 950 and 1040 °C and passed through the sample with a speed of 0.04–0.08 cm/s, resulting in almost singlestage temperature distributions. Cu/Zn alloy powders with Zn concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 45 wt% were obtained. It was shown that alloy particles become spherical and well dispersed with increasing Zn concentration. Inert dilution test with KCl salt was also performed to determine the influence of temperature degradation in the combustion wave on the morphology and composition of alloy powders.
I. INTRODUCTION
Nonequilibrium processing techniques can be exploited to generate inorganic materials with crystal structures and microstructures suitable for various technological applications.1,2 Nonequilibrium synthesis techniques developed during the past few decades include rapid solidification processing, mechanical alloying/milling, plasma processing, combustion synthesis (also known as self-propagating high-temperature synthesis), vapor deposition, ion or electron or neutron irradiation, severe plastic deformation, etc.3–5 Combustion synthesis is a typical nonequilibrium processing technique characterized by very fast heating rates (;103 to 106 K/s). As a solid-state powder processing technique, combustion synthesis involves thermal wave formation and rapid propagation, heat and mass transfer conditions, phase formation, and dynamic recrystallization of powder particles, which makes it a suitable processing route for developing micro- and nanocrystalline materials during a very short period. There are many reports on the combustion synthesis of inorganic materials in nonequilibrium conditions because the investigation of the synthesis of intermetallics using the combustion procedure has attracted considerable scientific and technological interest.6–9 a)
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2012.285 J. Mater. Res., Vol. 27, No. 20, Oct 28, 2012
However, there are few studies devoted to the combustion synthesis and characterization of copper alloys, including Mg/Ni/Cu, Cu/Ni/Mn, Fe/Cu, Al/Cu, and Ni/Cu systems.10–15 In most of these studies, alloys were prepared from oxides or metal nitride precursors using both solid and solution combustion synthesis techniques. Organic and inorganic reactants, such as citric acid, urea, and
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