Chemical Compositional Analysis of North Korean Cosmetics
The Amore Pacific Research Center was commissioned to research North Korean cosmetics’ present status and conducted a series of chemical compositional analyses on 64 cosmetic products made in North Korea. The cosmetic items were procured for eight months
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Mysterious Pyongyang: Cosmetics, Beauty Culture and North Korea
Sung-wook Nam · Su-lan Chae · Ga-young Lee
Mysterious Pyongyang: Cosmetics, Beauty Culture and North Korea
Sung-wook Nam Graduate School of Public Policy Korea University Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
Su-lan Chae Asiatic Research Institute Korea University Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
Ga-young Lee Asiatic Research Institute Korea University Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
ISBN 978-981-15-7702-4 ISBN 978-981-15-7703-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7703-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
When I first started studying North Korea 35 years ago, I observed that North Korean women refugees who were receiving their integration training from resettlement centers in South Korea were very interested in South Korean beauty culture and cosmetics. It caught my attention. I had various questions: Do women in socialist societies regularly put on makeup? Exactly how much makeup does the North Korean regime allow for women? Why did the founder of North Korea Kim Il-sung (1912–1994) encourage cosmetic production during the early years of his regime? Is it not contradictory that women actively participate in building a socialist country while at the same time show interest in beauty like fashion and cosmetics? Women who strongly shout the bold slogans of socialism did not normally enjoy decorating their appearance and using cosmetics—or so the prevalent prejudice used to suggest. My above questions naturally come from the assumption th
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