Cosmetics and Perfumes
With an enormous variety of creams, lotions, deodorants, antiperspirants, sunscreens, makeup, hair preparations, bath salts, soaps, and shaving products, cosmetics are applied to alter, preserve, or beautify the outer surface of the body (skin, hair, nail
- PDF / 448,823 Bytes
- 2 Pages / 481.89 x 691.654 pts Page_size
- 18 Downloads / 176 Views
iety of creams, lotions, deodorants, antiperspirants, sunscreens, makeup, hair preparations, bath salts, soaps, and shaving products, cosmetics are applied to alter, preserve, or beautify the outer surface of the body (skin, hair, nails, lips, eyes, and teeth) by cleaning, colouring, conditioning, or protecting. Perfumery products are applied to our skin and hair to emit pleasant odours. The constituents of cosmetics and perfumes can be grouped as follows: o
o
o
o
o
Preservatives which prevent infection of the skin and decomposition of the product. An ideal preservative is nontoxic to humans, nonirritating, and nonsensitizing, however, they may include flammable alcohols or mercury-based anti-infectives for the eye areas. Acids, alkalis, buffers, and neutralizers which maintain an acidity level that prevents skin irritation and maintains product formulation. As raw materials, including citric acid, ammonium carbonate, calcium carbonate, and tartaric acid, these are potential sources of corrosivity. Other cosmetics, like depilatories (cuticle and hair removers), are corrosive by function. Moisture content controls which prevent powders from becoming damp and creams and lotions from drying out; rarely do these raw materials, including glycerine and propylene glycol, present hazards in transportation. Colouring agents which disguise colour, decolourize, or impart colour. These include hundreds of different dyes and pigments, some of which are flammable, corrosive, or toxic although the debate about toxicity continues; some "safe" colours have caused tumours in animals and others have been banned. Hair bleaches (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) can be oxidizing, and products such as nail polish contain flammable solvents and compounds, including pyroxylin. Mercury compounds have been used as skin-bleaching agents. Flavourings and fragrances which include thousands of substances, sometimes blended in complex proportions by experts to produce prized odours. Some of these products may be hazardous in their own right like mirbane oil syn. nitrobenzene which has an almond smell, but they are often associated with solvents to aid handling and use.
52
M. A. Fox, Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999
Cosmetics and Perfumes
o
Processing aids and carriers which include surfactants to emulsify, stabilize, aid dissolution, and texturize, as well as solvents, clarifiers and chelators, opacifiers, foaming agents, and aerosol systems. Some of these, particularly alcohols or acids, may be flammable, corrosive, or otherwise hazardous.
Compared to normal perfumes, cologne spirits contain a relatively high alcohol-fragrance ratio (up to 80% for solid deodorants) to impart a pleasant cooling effect on application as the alcohol draws heat from the skin to evaporate. As liquids, gels, pastes, or solids, colognes may be flammable liquids or flammable solids. RELATED TERMS
Aerosol, see Aerosols, p.3 Consumer commodity, see Miscellaneous
Flammable soli
Data Loading...
