Chemotherapy-induced taste and smell changes influence food perception in cancer patients
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Chemotherapy-induced taste and smell changes influence food perception in cancer patients K. Drareni 1,2
&
M. Bensafi 2 & A. Giboreau 1 & A. Dougkas 1
Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Chemotherapy-induced taste and smell alterations may have a negative impact on the quality of life and nutritional status. A prominent issue when dealing with taste and smell alterations and their consequences on food behavior and well-being lies in the variation arising from individual differences in chemosensory perceptions. The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of individuals’ variation in the severity of taste and smell alterations relative to the stage of chemotherapy on selfreported food behavior and food perception. Methods Eighty-nine cancer patients completed a questionnaire subdivided into two parts: a chemosensory part that allowed classification of patients in three groups (“no alterations,” “moderate alterations,” and “severe alterations”) and a food behavior part. Results The results highlighted a negative impact of chemosensory alterations on food perception. Compared with patients without taste and smell alterations, patients with severe chemosensory alterations reported significantly more frequent food perception problems, including modification of the perceived taste of food, finding bad taste in all food, and being unable to perceive food taste. Whereas 72% of patients with severe alterations were in late stage, only 37% of patients were in late stage in the no alterations group, indicating an effect of the treatment stage on taste and smell alterations. Conclusion Our results underlie the importance of providing specific attention to the severity of chemotherapy-induced taste and smell alterations and considering the individual differences among patients for a better nutritional management. Keywords Taste alterations . Smell alterations . Food perception . Individual variability . Cancer . Chemotherapy
Introduction Taste and smell alterations are mentioned as one of the most distressing chemotherapy side effects in cancer patients during treatment [1]. Changes in taste and smell perceptions have a significant impact not only on the quality of life but also on the nutritional status of patients and their relationship with food [2–4]. Previous studies reported a negative impact of taste and smell alterations on food behavior including a decrease in food intake [5, 6], a decrease in appetite [5, 7, 8], and a loss of food enjoyment [9]. Hence, it appears fundamental to better * K. Drareni [email protected] 1
Institut Paul Bocuse Research Centre, 1, Chemin de Calabert, 69130 Ecully Cedex, France
2
CNRS, UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
understand the chemotherapy-induced taste and smell alterations in order to better manage these side effects and improve patients’ quality of life, especially in relation to fo
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