Childhood Abuse and Inflammatory Responses to Daily Stressors
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BRIEF REPORT
Childhood Abuse and Inflammatory Responses to Daily Stressors Jean-Philippe Gouin, PhD & Ronald Glaser, PhD & William B. Malarkey, MD & David Beversdorf, MD & Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser, PhD
Published online: 20 June 2012 # The Society of Behavioral Medicine 2012
Abstract Background Childhood abuse leads to greater morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Dysregulated physiological stress responses may underlie the greater health risk among abused individuals.
J.-P. Gouin (*) Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, PY 170-14, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4B 1R6 e-mail: [email protected] R. Glaser Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Department of Molecular Virology, and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA W. B. Malarkey Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Departments of Molecular Virology and Medical Genetics, and Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA D. Beversdorf Department of Radiology, Neurology, and Psychology, The Thompson Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA J. K. Kiecolt-Glaser Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Purpose This study evaluated the impact of childhood abuse on inflammatory responses to naturalistically occurring daily stressors. Methods In this cross-sectional study of 130 older adults, recent daily stressors and childhood abuse history were evaluated using the Daily Inventory of Stressful Events and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Blood samples provided data on circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Childhood abuse history moderated IL-6 levels but not TNF-α and CRP responses to daily stressors. Individuals with a childhood abuse history who experienced multiple stressors in the past 24 h had IL-6 levels 2.35 times greater than those of participants who reported multiple daily stressors but no early abuse history. Conclusion Childhood abuse substantially enhances IL-6 responses to daily stressors in adulthood.
Introduction In large epidemiological studies, childhood abuse has been associated with greater odds of developing agerelated physical diseases in adulthood [1]. The biological embedding hypothesis suggests that childhood abuse may lead to sustained physiological changes that put the individuals at increased risk for poor health outcomes later in life [2]. The emergence of a proinflammatory immune phenotype might account for the greater prevalence of chronic diseases among abused individuals [3].
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Individuals with a history of childhood abuse display dysregulated neuroendocrine and immune responses in adulthood. They exhibited increased adrenocorticotropic hormone responses to acute stressors, blunted response to the dexamethasone-corticotropin-releasing hormone suppression test, decreased cortisol awakening responses, and impaire
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