Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation

This book is written for members of the scholarly research community, and for persons involved in research evaluation and research policy. More specifically, it is directed towards the following four main groups of readers: – All scientists and scholars w

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Information Science and Knowledge Management Volume 9

Editor-in-Chief: J. Mackenzie Owen, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Editorial Board: M. Bates, University of California, Los Angeles P. Bruza, The University of Queensland, Brisbane R. Capurro, Hochschule der Medien, Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences, Stuttgart E. Davenport, Napier University, Edinburgh R. Day, Wayne State University, Detroit M. Hedstrom, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor A.M. Paci, Istituto di Studi Sulla Ricerca e Documentazione Scientifica, Roma C. Tenopir, University of Tennessee, Knoxville M. Thelwall, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

CITATION ANALYSIS IN RESEARCH EVALUATION

HENK F. MOED

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13

1-4020-3713-9 (HB) 978-1-4020-3713-9 (HB) 1-4020-3714-7 (e-book) 978-1-4020-3714-6 (e-book)

Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. P www.springeronline.com

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 2005 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands.

Contents

Preface

ix

Executive Summary

1

Part 1

9

General Introduction and Main Conclusions

1

General Introduction

11

2

Basic Notions and General Conclusions

25

3

Synopsis

35

Part 2

Empirical and Theoretical Chapters

69

Part 2.1

Assessing Basic Science Research Departments and Scientific Journals

69

4

Citation Analysis of Basic Science Research Departments

71

5

Citation Analysis of Scientific Journals

91

Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation

vi Part 2.2

The ISI Citation Indexes

107

6

Basic Principles, Citation Links and Terminology

109

7

ISI Coverage by Discipline

119

8

Implications for the Use of the ISI Citation Indexes in Research Evaluation

137

Part 2.3 9

Assessing Social Sciences and Humanities

Differences between Science, Social Sciences and Humanities

145 147

10 Expanded Citation Analysis: A Case Study in Economics

153

11 A Case Study of Research Performance in Law

159

Part 2.4

167

Accuracy Aspects

12 Introductory Notes on Accuracy Issues

169

13 Accuracy of Citation Counts

173

14 Problems with the Names of Authors and Institutions, and with the Delimitation of Subfields

181

Part 2.5

191

Theoretical Aspects

15 What Do References and Citations Measure?

193

16 Towards a Theory of Citation: Some Building Blocks

209

17 Implications for the Use of Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation

221

Part 2.6

Citation Analysis and Peer Review

18 Peer Review and the Use and Validity of Citation Ana