Clinical characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus showing a false-positive result of syphilis scree
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Rheumatology International https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-019-04435-0
INTERNATIONAL
OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH
Clinical characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus showing a false‑positive result of syphilis screening Sung Soo Ahn1 · Seung Min Jung1 · Juyoung Yoo1 · Sang‑Won Lee1 · Jason Jungsik Song1 · Yong‑Beom Park1 Received: 10 June 2019 / Accepted: 23 August 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract A false-positive result of syphilis screening test (FPST) is a characteristic finding in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We evaluated the clinical characteristics of SLE patients with FPST at SLE diagnosis. We reviewed the medical records of patients with SLE who underwent the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory or Rapid Plasma Reagin tests at SLE diagnosis at Severance Hospital between 2006 and 2016. The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between patients with FPST and those with a negative result of syphilis screening test. Of 145 patients with SLE, 20 patients showed FPST and 125 patients showed a negative syphilis screening result. At SLE diagnosis, patients with a negative result had higher SLE disease activity index (5.0 vs. 8.0, P 8 g/dL) and the presence of anti-cardiolipin antibodies were independently associated with FPST (P = 0.010 and 0.037, respectively). During the follow-up (median 61 months), 5 patients with FPST (20.0%) and 12 patients without FPST (9.6%) were finally diagnosed with APS. The long-term risk of de novo thrombosis was higher in the FPST group (n = 4/20, 20% vs n = 6/125, 4.8%, P = 0.041). However, all-cause mortality showed no difference between the FPST group and the negative group. Patients with SLE showing FPST showed lower disease activity at SLE diagnosis but higher thrombotic risk and similar overall survival compared to those without FPST. Keywords Systemic lupus erythematosus · False-positive syphilis test · Anti-phospholipid syndrome · Disease activity · Clinical outcome
This study was presented in the 13th International Congress on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus held in San Francisco, California. The abstract was included in the congress publication (Lupus Science & Medicine 2019;6(Suppl 1):A123). * Seung Min Jung [email protected] Sung Soo Ahn [email protected] Juyoung Yoo [email protected] Sang‑Won Lee [email protected] Jason Jungsik Song [email protected] Yong‑Beom Park [email protected] 1
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50‑1 Yonsei‑ro, Seodaemun‑gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype of systemic autoimmune disease and is characterized by the production of pathogenic antibodies against self-antigens [1, 2]. The diversity of autoantibodies enables patients with SLE to show a wide spectrum of serological abnormalities and clinical manifestations. Owing to the highly heterogeneous and complex clinical features of the disease, various clinical and im
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