Clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in patients with vestibular migraine
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SLEEP BREATHING PHYSIOLOGY AND DISORDERS • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in patients with vestibular migraine Jun Wu 1 & Chunling Liu 1 & Haitao Yu 1 & Hui Li 1 & Yanlu Jia 1 & Defu Zhang 2 & Lili Chen 1 & Xiaonan Li 1 Received: 9 August 2019 / Revised: 4 November 2019 / Accepted: 3 December 2019 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Purpose To study and analyze the sleep quality and sleep structure of patients with vestibular migraine (VM). Methods In this cross-sectional case-control study, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and polysomnography (PSG) were used to compare the clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in 49 patients with VM, 52 patients with migraine, and 54 controls. Results The VM, migraine, and control groups did not significantly differ in terms of age or sex. Compared with the migraine and control groups, the VM group had a higher incidence of poor sleep quality (χ2 = 36.618, p < 0.01) and greater severity of poor sleep quality (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the VM group showed reduced sleep efficiency (p < 0.01) and reduced proportions of REM and slow wave (N3) sleep (p ≤ 0.01). Conversely, sleep latency (p = 0.01) and REM latency (p = 0.04) were prolonged, and proportions of light sleep phases (N1, p < 0.05, and N2, p < 0.01) and the micro-arousal index (p = 0.03) were increased. The migraine group had significantly higher apnea hypopnea (AHI) and periodic leg movement (PLMI) indices than the VM group. Conclusion We report an effect of VM on sleep structure and an association with migraine. Similar to migraine, VM affects the sleep regulation centers and causes structural sleep disorders. Keywords Vestibular migraine . Migraine . Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index . Polysomnography . Sleep disorders
Objective Vestibular migraine (VM) is a vestibular paroxysmal disease that is induced by a variety of factors and characterized by paroxysmal vertigo and migraine. In 2012, the Bárány Association and the International Headache Society issued a consensus document on diagnostic criteria, which was included in the appendix of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III) [1]. In 2018, the ICHD re-classified migraine and VM. As a new vestibular central disease, VM has received increasing interest. An in-depth study of the pathophysiology of VM revealed overlapping pathways * Chunling Liu [email protected] 1
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City 450000, Henan Province, China
2
The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
underpinning VM and migraine [2]. Experimental studies have indicated that trigeminal nerve and vestibular ganglion cells have the same neurochemical properties and express 5hydroxytryptamine, capsaicin, and purinergic receptors. Neurochemically similar nociceptive and vestibular afferents converge in brainstem structures such as the parabrachial nucleus, raphe nucleus, and locus coeruleus. These
