Clinical features of a Chinese female nongestational choriocarcinoma cohort: a retrospective study of 37 patients
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Clinical features of a Chinese female nongestational choriocarcinoma cohort: a retrospective study of 37 patients Yuming Shao1,2, Yang Xiang1* , Fang Jiang1, Boju Pan3, Xirun Wan1, Junjun Yang1, Fengzhi Feng1, Tong Ren1 and Jun Zhao1
Abstract Background: Choriocarcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm, which is classified as either gestational choriocarcinoma or nongestational choriocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of Chinese female nongestational choriocarcinoma patients and discuss our experience in treating this rare disease. Results: We conducted a single-center retrospective study on a sample of 37 nongestational choriocarcinoma patients who were diagnosed and treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 1982 to March 2020. Their demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data were collected. Detailed information was available for all 37 individuals in our sample. The primary lesions included 34 in the ovaries, 2 in the pituitary and 1 in the stomach. The median age of onset was 22 years, and the median follow-up period spanned 41 months. The lungs (40.5%) were the most commonly observed metastatic site. All subjects were treated with surgery and multidrug chemotherapies, and a median of 4.0 courses was required to achieve complete remission. The overall complete response rate, relapse rate, and 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 81.1%, 16.7%, 80.0%, and 75.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Nongestational choriocarcinoma can be managed well using surgery and multidrug chemotherapies, but the overall outcome of nongestational choriocarcinoma is still worse than that of gestational choriocarcinoma. Mixed nongestational choriocarcinoma seems to have similar therapeutic outcomes as pure tumors. Keywords: Trophoblastic disease, Choriocarcinoma, Nongestational choriocarcinoma, Germ cell tumor, Ovary Background Choriocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor composed of biphasic cellular components with mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts [1]. The two significant choriocarcinoma subtypes, gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) and nongestational choriocarcinoma (NGC), have relatively different etiologies, biological activities and prognoses
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing 100730, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
[2]. GC may arise following any type of pregnancy, including hydatidiform mole, term or preterm pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, or abortion. GC is also chemosensitive, and the overall cure rate of these tumors is currently > 90% [3]. In contrast, NGC may develop either from germ cells in the gonads or extragonadal locations, or it can rarely occur in parenchymal organs due to dedifferentiation of somatic carcinoma [1]. The former subset of tumor is classified
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