Clinical significance of red blood cell distribution width in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
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(2020) 47:38
Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation
RESEARCH
Open Access
Clinical significance of red blood cell distribution width in systemic lupus erythematosus patients Osama Sayed Daifallah Mohamed1* , Gehan Joseph Azmy2 and Esam Mohammed Abu Elfadl1
Abstract Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disorder with wide variety of clinical presentations. Recently, red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been used as an inflammatory marker, similar to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) where systemic inflammation has been linked to increased RDW. Many researches have assessed independently selective different hematological markers that may reflect disease activity. Our study aims to examine a number of hematological parameters that could reflect disease activity and to assess if there is a relationship between different hematological parameter (RDW, neutrophils and lymphocytes) to reflect SLE activity using Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Results: The study comprised 60 SLE patients (52 females and 8 males) with a mean age of 34.53 years and mean disease duration was 4.085 years. The RDW values were significantly higher (p < 0.001) when comparing active patients (16.64 ± 4.7) versus inactive patients (13.16 ± 2.67) and controls (12.7 ± 1.13). Otherwise, insignificant differences were reported when comparing inactive SLE patients versus the control group (p = 0.242). There were no significant correlations (p > 0.05) between neutrophil count and lymphocyte count with C3, C4, SLEDAI score, 24 h urinary proteins, platelets count but significant only with hemoglobin level (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Increased RDW is connected with active disease status of SLE patients. RDW could be used as a surrogate marker of the inflammation rather than neutrophil and lymphocyte count. It is a simple and easy testing included in CBC thus RDW could be used as a possible indicator to assess disease activity. Keywords: Autoimmune diseases, RDW, SLE, CBC, Lymphocyte count, Neutrophil count, SLEDAI
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. The peak age of onset among young women is between the late teens and early 40s with a female to male ratio of 9:1. Those with African or Asian ancestry are more at higher risk of developing the disease and it may be associated with severe organ affection compared to Caucasian patients. SLE * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
may be a life-threatening condition when major organs are affected but more commonly results in chronic debilitating illness. The cause for SLE has not been identified though environmental factors such as sunlight, hormones, and drugs may precipitate the condition and
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