Coastal Vulnerability Mapping by Integrating Geospatial Techniques and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) along the Vish
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Coastal Vulnerability Mapping by Integrating Geospatial Techniques and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) along the Vishakhapatnam Coastal Tract, Andhra Pradesh, India Mirza Razi Imam Baig1 • Shahfahad1 • Ishita Afreen Ahmad1 • Mohammad Tayyab1,2 • Md Sarfaraz Asgher3 Atiqur Rahman1
•
Received: 3 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2020
Abstract The coastal area supports millions of population in terms of livelihood, settlement and social activities across the world and India. The increasing rate of socioeconomic activities made the coasts susceptible to various hazards. Therefore, this study is aimed to examine the coastal vulnerability of Vishakhapatnam Coastal district using remote sensing and geographic information system. To fulfill this objective, six physical indicators, i.e., geomorphology, land use/land cover, coastal slope, shoreline change rate, etc., were prepared using the multi-temporal datasets of 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2018 and mean tidal height has been considered to calculate the coastal vulnerability index (CVI). The indicators selected for the analysis of coastal vulnerability have been integrated using the rank and weighted methods. The shoreline change has been detected using the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS). Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used for calculating weights of various indices. The CVI values obtained using different indicators are 2.6 (min) and 14.39 (max). Based on the CVI values, the coast is classified as five classes of vulnerability, i.e., very low (0—4.9) covering 42.5 km, low (4.9—7.3) which covers 29.49 km, moderate (7.3—9.6) covering 23.46 km, high (9.6—12.0) which covers 34.61 km, and very high (12.0–14.39) covering 7.5 km. This integrated study is found useful for exploring the accretion and erosion processes and also for vulnerability mapping in the coastal tract of Vishakhapatnam district. Keywords Shoreline change rate Vulnerability index Coastal slope Digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) Geoinformatics
& Atiqur Rahman [email protected] Mirza Razi Imam Baig [email protected] Shahfahad [email protected] Ishita Afreen Ahmad [email protected] Mohammad Tayyab [email protected] Md Sarfaraz Asgher [email protected] 1
Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
2
Delhi Development Authority, Mahatma Gandhi Road, IP Building, New Delhi 110 002, India
3
Department of Geography, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India
Introduction Coastal areas provide important elements for the socioeconomic development of the nations despite substantial and insubstantial benefits (Sankari et al. 2015). At the same time, many coastal areas are being affected by the dynamic elements of environmental, topographic and sociocultural systems due to growing human and environmental pressures which need urgent attention (Dhiman et al. 2019; Neumann et al. 2017). Coastal areas are under pressure because of the hydro-geomorphic ph
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