Coaxial Electrospinning for Nanostructured Advanced Materials
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0948-B06-01
Coaxial Electrospinning for Nanostructured Advanced Materials I. G. Loscertales1, Juan E. Díaz Gómez2, M. Lallave2, J. M. Rosas3, Jorge Bedia3, J. Rodríguez-Mirasol3, T. Cordero3, M. Marquez4, S. Shenoy5, G. E. Wnek6, T. Thorsen7, A. Fernández-Nieves8, and A. Barrero9 1 Dep. Ingeniería Mecánica y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Málaga, ETA Ingenieros Industriales, Plaza El Ejido, s/n, Malaga, 29013, Spain 2 Yflow SL, Marie Curie 4-12, Campanillas, Málaga, 29590, Spain 3 Dep. Ingeniería Química, ETS Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Málaga, Plaza El Ejido, s/n, Málaga, 29013, Spain 4 Research Center, Philip Morris USA, 4201 Commerce Road, Richmond, VA, 23234 5 Chemical and Life Sciences Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284-3028 6 Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7217 7 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307 8 Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 40 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138 9 Dep. Ingeniería Energética y Mecánica de Fluidos, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 41092, Spain ABSTRACT Electro-hydro-dynamic (EHD) compound jets, with diameters in the micro and nanometric size range, from conical menisci of two co-flowing liquids, is a consolidated platform for the production of nanofibers with inner structure, in a process so-called coaxial electrospinning or co-electrospinning. In contrast to other multi-step template based procedures, the EHD methodology is much more simple and general since, firstly, a solid template is needless and, secondly, the process is seldom affected by the chemistry of the liquids. This gentle process allows selecting the liquid precursors depending on the application sought for the nanofibers. Here, we review different products obtained by this EHD technique: (1) solid and hollow carbon nanofibers from different precursors (polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone and lignin), (2) nanofibers of biocompatible polymers encapsulating liquids in the form of beads, (3) spinning nanofibers of alginate and (4) in-fiber encapsulation of active microgels. INTRODUCTION There are many technological applications [1] in which, aside of the chemical composition and nature of the materials involved, their structure at the micron or nanometric level is also essential for obtaining outstanding performances. In this scenario, micrometric and nanometric particles with complex inner structures are thought of as ideal for many specific applications such as encapsulation [2], catalysis [3], reinforcement of materials [4], and many more. Among the different ways for producing such complex particles [5-13], the use of electro-hydro-dynamic forces for smoothly stretching fluid interfaces to form very thin electrified coaxial jets has revealed itself as a very efficient one [14]. The main advantage of this gentle method is
that it resorts to
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