Cognitive Correlates in Gaming Disorder and Social Networks Use Disorder: a Comparison
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GAMING ADDICTION (HJ RUMPF, SECTION EDITOR)
Cognitive Correlates in Gaming Disorder and Social Networks Use Disorder: a Comparison Elisa Wegmann 1 & Matthias Brand 1,2
# The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review This overview aims at summarizing studies, which investigated cognitive correlates of gaming disorder and of a problematic use of social networks by using behavioral experimental paradigms and brain imaging techniques. Recent Findings Based on theoretical models, inhibition/inhibitory control, attentional bias, executive functions, decision-making, and working memory capabilities have been identified as cognitive components, which are assumed to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of an addictive behavior. A systematic search shows that various studies have already examined the involvement of different cognitive components in both types of potential addictive behaviors. However, the number of studies addressing cognitive correlates of social networks use disorder is very much lower compared with gaming disorder, even if there is a positive trend in terms of new publications in recent years. Summary Cognitive correlates have been frequently investigated in gaming disorder, as in many other disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviors. Studies on cognitive aspects involved in a problematic social networks use are still rare, but they are needed in order to further show if this phenomenon may also deserve a classification as addictive disorder. Interactions between different cognitive and affective processes are still understudied in both gaming disorder and problematic social networks use. Keywords Pathological gaming . Social networking sites . Executive functions . Inhibitory control . Decision-making . Attentional bias
Introduction The inclusion of gaming disorder as disorder due to addictive behaviors in the ICD-11 by the World Health Organization in 2019 as well as in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) illustrates the clinical and societal relevance of this addiction-like, pathological behavior [1–3]. In 2013 in the DSM-5, this pathological behavior is described as internet gaming disorder, which requires further research [3].
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Gaming Addiction * Matthias Brand [email protected] Elisa Wegmann [email protected] 1
Department of General Psychology, Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Forsthausweg 2, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
2
Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
Six years later in the ICD-11, gaming disorder is defined as a pattern of persistent gaming behavior, which may occur predominantly online or offline. Symptoms of this disorder are based on the definition of disorders due to substance use and include three key components such as impaired control over gaming, increasing priority given to gaming, and continuation or escalation of gaming despite the experiences of negative conse
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