Colitis-Associated Cancer
As the number of patients with colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is on the increase, the purpose of this book is to review the latest topics concerning management of the disease. In recent years, the diagnostic power of endoscopy and molecular pathology has
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Colitis-Associated Cancer
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Colitis-Associated Cancer
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Masato Kusunoki Editor
Colitis-Associated Cancer
Editor Masato Kusunoki Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Tsu, Japan
ISBN 978-4-431-55521-6 ISBN 978-4-431-55522-3 DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-55522-3
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015952215 Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer Japan 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Japan KK is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
In recent decades, there have been tremendous gains in our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Patients with these diseases have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), specifically, colitis-associated cancer (CAC), as the repeated episodes of inflammation act as chronic oncogenic insults to the colonic epithelium. In addition, patients with CD, in which the chronic inflammation also involves the small intestine, are at high risk of developing small-bowel adenocarcinoma. CAC differs from sporadic CRC, both in its histopathological and genetic characteristics. In IBD, the chronic inflammation leads to the increased turnover of epithelial cells, resulting in both low-grade and high-grade dysplasia, and therefore, over time, CAC. This sequence of tumorigenic events is different to that leading to sporadic CRC, although genetic and epigenetic alterations characterize both. CAC has thus been the focus of detailed investigations regarding protein expression; the roles played by the immune response, cytokines, and oxidant stress; the gut bacterial flora; and several other features that contribute to tumorigenesis in patients with IBD. Despite the extensive experience that has accumulated over many years of managing IBD patients, the diagnos
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