Colonization and Spatial Distribution of Boll Weevil in Commercial Cotton Fields
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Colonization and Spatial Distribution of Boll Weevil in Commercial Cotton Fields LS ARRUDA1, GG ROLIM2, EM BARROS3, FF PEREIRA4, JB TORRES1 1
Depto de Agronomia-Entomologia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil Instituto Mato-Grossense do Algodão, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil 3 Instituto Goiano de Agricultura, Montividiu, GO, Brasil 4 Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Univ Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil 2
Keywords Anthonomus grandis grandis, monitoring, crop systems, dispersal Correspondence JB Torres, Depto de AgronomiaEntomologia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil; [email protected] Edited by Rafael M Pitta – Embrapa Received 23 March 2020 and accepted 18 August 2020 * Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 2020
Abstract The departure and arrival of boll weevil in cotton fields have fostered major control decisions against this pest over time. Field colonization and distribution of boll weevil were evaluated using cotton fields from 93.7 to 154 ha each, located in Serra da Petrovina and Campo Verde, both in the Cerrado biome of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, as a function of cotton field bordering vegetation and crop phenology. The monitoring of adult weevils was carried out using traps containing sex and aggregation pheromone. The traps were set up considering the four coordinates of the field, bordering vegetation, and distances from the field margin. Six traps were set in each direction with three representing the field margin (0 m, 60 m, and 120 m from the borderline) and the other three set up equidistant from the center of the field (> 200 m). Traps were evaluated weekly beginning 10 days after plant emergence (DAE) throughout the cotton phenology until harvesting. Boll weevils were caught in the first evaluation 10 DAE, irrespective of the vegetation bordering the cotton field and distance of trap from field margin. The average weevils per trap was relatively low throughout the crop development but increased significantly through the maturation and harvesting periods. Furthermore, the bordering vegetation was not the only determinant factor for boll weevil colonization and distribution throughout the cotton field. Based on these data, boll weevil exhibited early colonization, already occurring beyond the border of the field.
Introduction The spatial distribution of a phytophagous species is associated with the host plant and characteristics of its life history, such as selection of sites for feeding, oviposition, and development, along with further dispersal to new habitats. However, establishing new habitats for feeding and reproduction as well as to minimize natural mortality factors depends on the dispersal capacity of the species to maintain the performance of the species (Bennetts et al 2001). For monophagous species, the availability of the host plant and its proper or preferred plant
stage plays a central role in the colonization success of species. Boll weevil depends on cotton plants and specifically on cotton flower buds and
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