Combined effect of nanoscale zero-valent iron and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) to the freshwater algae Scenedesmu
- PDF / 1,561,518 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 8 Downloads / 144 Views
Combined effect of nanoscale zero-valent iron and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) to the freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus Rong Cheng
1
●
Ya-ping Liu1 Yi-hui Chen1 Liang-jie Shen1 Jiao-jiao Wu1 Lei Shi1 Xiang Zheng1 ●
●
●
●
●
1234567890();,:
1234567890();,:
Accepted: 17 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract With wide use of nanoparticles, co-exposure of aquatic organisms to nanoparticles and organic pollutants often takes place in the environment. However, the combined effects are still rarely understood. In this study, in order to study the interaction and biological effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), which acts as a typical surfactant, the freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliquus was exposed to nZVI and LAS individually and in combination for 96 h. According to the inhibition rate of the algae, the toxic effects were investigated by dose-response analysis. Then the combined effect of nZVI and LAS was evaluated using three evaluation models including toxicity unit (TU), additional index (AI), and mixture toxicity index (MTI). The results showed that the 96 h IC50 of nZVI and LAS to Scenedesmus obliquus was 2.464 mmol L−1 and 0.332 mmol L−1, respectively. When nZVI coexisted with LAS at toxic ratio 1:1, the 96 h IC50 value was 1.658 mmol L−1 (shown with nZVI), and the partly additive effect of nZVI mixed with LAS was confirmed. However, when the toxic ratio of nZVI:LAS was 4:1, it showed synergistic effect. In addition, when nZVI mixed with LAS at toxic ratio 1:4, the joint effect is antagonistic effect. In addition, the content of chorophyll in Scenedesmus obliquus, especially the content of chlorophyll a, was decreased with the increase of mixture dose. However, the protein levels did not show significant changes at different mixture doses. Keywords Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) Scenedesmus obliquus Combined toxicity Toxicity unit ●
●
●
●
Introduction Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are produced and used in various applications all over the world (Nel et al. 2006), and the discharged ENPs could be released to natural environments including aqueous environment, air environment and soil environment (Nel et al. 2006; Keller et al. 2013). With the increased applications of nanoparticles, the concerns about their potential negative effects on environment as well
* Lei Shi [email protected] * Xiang Zheng [email protected] 1
School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, PR China
as organisms have been also increased (Farkas et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2015). A number of scientific studies have proved that several kinds of ENPs show toxic effects on aquatic organisms (Nel et al. 2006; Keller et al. 2013; Magesky and Pelletier 2015; Stanley et al. 2016; Zhang et al. 2017). Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been studied as one kind of the most commonly used nanopar
Data Loading...
