Combined Wavelet Video Coding and Error Control for Internet Streaming and Multicast
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Combined Wavelet Video Coding and Error Control for Internet Streaming and Multicast Tianli Chu Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA Email: [email protected]
Zixiang Xiong Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA Email: [email protected] Received 23 December 2001 and in revised form 9 September 2002 This paper proposes an integrated approach to Internet video streaming and multicast (e.g., receiver-driven layered multicast (RLM) by McCanne) based on combined wavelet video coding and error control. We design a packetized wavelet video (PWV) coder to facilitate its integration with error control. The PWV coder produces packetized layered bitstreams that are independent among layers while being embedded within each layer. Thus, a lost packet only renders the following packets in the same layer useless. Based on the PWV coder, we search for a multilayered error-control strategy that optimally trades off source and channel coding for each layer under a given transmission rate to mitigate the effects of packet loss. While both the PWV coder and the error-control strategy are new—the former incorporates embedded wavelet video coding and packetization and the latter extends the single-layered approach for RLM by Chou et al.—the main distinction of this paper lies in the seamless integration of the two parts. Theoretical analysis shows a gain of up to 1 dB on a channel with 20% packet loss using our combined approach over separate designs of the source coder and the error-control mechanism. This is also substantiated by our simulations with a gain of up to 0.6 dB. In addition, our simulations show a gain of up to 2.2 dB over previous results reported by Chou et al. Keywords and phrases: wavelet video coding, error control, internet streaming, multicast, PWV.
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INTRODUCTION
In recent years, we have witnessed explosive growth of the Internet. Driven by the rapid increase of bandwidth and computing power and, more importantly, the consumer’s insatiable demand for multimedia content, media streaming over the Internet has quickly evolved from novelty to mainstream in multimedia communications. As the flagship application that underscores the ongoing Internet revolution, video streaming has become an important way for information distribution. For example, distance learning, telemedicine, and live webcast of music concerts and sports events are all benefiting from video streaming technology. People are already more and more dependent on this new technology in their daily lives and business. As such, Internet video streaming has attracted attention from both the industry (e.g., Microsoft and RealNetworks) and academia [1, 2, 3]. From a schematic point of view, Internet video streaming involves video compression, Quality-of-Service (QoS) control (error control and congestion control), streaming servers, streaming protocols, and media synchronization, of which the first two components are the most important.
Compression is a must in
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