Compact and highly sensitive temperature sensor established with HSC-SPR embedded in a polymer
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Compact and highly sensitive temperature sensor established with HSC‑SPR embedded in a polymer Zhao Yang1 · Li Xia1 · Jianchun Xia1 · Wei Li1 Received: 8 July 2019 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A surface plasmon resonance fiber sensor on the basis of hollow silica capillary (HSC) is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Numerical analysis indicates that the structure of multimode–capillary–multimode fiber (MMF– HSC–MMF) possesses high spectral resolution and sensitivity due to the existence of capillary stomata. A 55-nm-thick gold-coated HSC is experimentally implemented, with an average refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 6352.16 nm/RIU in RI range of 1.396–1.423. Taking advantage of high thermal coefficient of PDMS, the gold-coated section thoroughly covered with PDMS is especially sensitive to temperature changes. When monitoring the temperature variations of 5–80 °C, the sensor shows high sensitivity (− 2.067 nm/°C) and high linearity (R2 = 0.9981).
1 Introduction Compared with traditional temperature sensors based on thermal resistance or thermocouple, fiber-optic-based temperature sensors with perfect electrical insulation and small size can be well applied in the electromagnetic environment [1, 2]. Over the past decades, fiber Bragg grating has played an important role in temperature monitoring owing to its capability of quasi-distributed sensing network [3]. However, the temperature strain cross-sensitive and low sensitivity of grating become essential issues which will not meet the growing need for temperature sensors. Fiber architectures based on interferometers, involving Fabry–Perot [4], Mach–Zehnder [5], and Sagnac Michelson [6], exhibit higher sensitivity than fiber Bragg grating in temperature monitoring. But, the cumbersome equipment and complex demodulation scheme seriously limit their actual utilization. Recently, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based fiber optic has been emerging as a promising candidate for assembling portable and compact temperature sensors with high sensitivity, fast response and real-time monitoring [7]. Intrinsically, SPR fiber sensor is highly sensitive to refractive index (RI) of analyte around plasmonic medium [8]. * Li Xia [email protected] 1
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Thanks to this advantage, SPR fiber optic can act as RItemperature transducer using temperature-sensitive materials for internal injection or external coverage of fiber configuration [9–13]. The former approach performs temperature measurement by depositing metal film/nanowires and filling temperature-sensitive liquid on the inner wall of fiber air hole, but the works related to this are prohibitively scarce as a result of technical difficulties in liquid immobilization and encapsulation [9, 10]. In another method, the outer liquid package makes the sensor cumbersome and inconvenient, which is not suitable fo
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