Comparative secretome analysis of four isogenic Bacillus clausii probiotic strains
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Comparative secretome analysis of four isogenic Bacillus clausii probiotic strains Rosa Lippolis1*, Rosa Anna Siciliano2, Maria Fiorella Mazzeo2, Anna Abbrescia3, Antonio Gnoni3, Anna Maria Sardanelli3 and Sergio Papa1,3
Abstract Background: The spore-bearing alkaliphilic Bacillus species constitute a large, heterogeneous group of microorganisms, important for their ability to produce enzymes, antibodies and metabolites of potential medical use. Some Bacillus species are currently being used for manufacturing probiotic products consisting of bacterial spores, exhibiting specific features (colonization, immune-stimulation and antimicrobial activity) that can account for their claimed probiotic properties. In the present work a comparative proteomic study was performed aimed at characterizing the secretome of four closely related isogenic O/C, SIN, N/R and T B. clausii strains, already marketed in a pharmaceutical mixture as probiotics. Results: Proteomic analyses revealed a high degree of concordance among the four secretomes, although some proteins exhibited considerable variations in their expression level in the four strains. Among these, some proteins with documented activity in the interaction with host cells were identified, such as the glycolytic enzyme enolase, with a putative plasminogen-binding activity, GroEL, a molecular chaperone shown to be able to bind to mucin, and flagellin protein, a structural flagella protein and a putative immunomodulation agent. Conclusion: This study shows, for the first time, differences in the secretome of the OC, SIN, NR and T B. clausii strains. These differences indicate that specific secretome features characterize each of the four strains despite their genotypic similarity. This could confer to the B. clausii strains specific probiotic functions associated with the differentially expressed proteins and indicate that they can cooperate as probiotics as the secretome components of each strain could contribute to the overall activity of a mixed probiotic preparation. Keywords: Bacillus clausii, Probiotics, Secretome, Proteomics, Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis, Mass Spectrometry
Background Bacillus species (B. cereus, B. clausii, B. pumilus) are a large, heterogeneous group of Gram-positive, nonpathogenic, spore-forming microorganisms, used in many chemical, medical, and industrial processes taking advantage of their wide range of physiological characteristics and ability to secrete large amounts of extracellular proteins as well as biochemicals, antibiotics and other metabolites. Mixtures of viable Bacillus spores have been marketed as probiotic preparations [1]. Probiotics are defined as microbial cell preparations or components of microbial
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, Bari, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
cells that can beneficially impact human health. Probiotics have been sh
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