Comparing the thermodynamic performance of organic Rankine and Kalina cycles in solar energy systems
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(2020) 42:597
TECHNICAL PAPER
Comparing the thermodynamic performance of organic Rankine and Kalina cycles in solar energy systems Clara Reis Pinto1 · Carlos Eduardo Keutenedjian Mady1 Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 © The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 2020
Abstract This paper reports on a comparative study of the thermodynamic performance of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and Kalina cycle 11 (KCS11) using solar energy for application in residential or commercial sectors. The objective was to determine the amount of power that can be produced by solar energy systems using low-quality energy sources (hot water at temperatures above 60 oC), from the viewpoints of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Moreover, the performance impact of coupling these cycles to hybrid solar photovoltaic-thermal collector systems (PV/T) to increase the total power generation for the same surface area was analyzed. In particular, the PV/T systems were employed to increase the production of solar energy systems, as the efficiency of photovoltaic cells reduces under hot climates, such as the climate in Brazil. The results indicated that the exergy efficiency of the KCS11 is higher than that for the ORC. Nevertheless, both cycles as the bottoming cycles to PV/T collector configurations increased the total theoretical electric power generation, for the design study, in approximately 0.4 kW per unit of area. Keywords Exergy analysis · Exergy efficiency · Kalina cycle · Rankine cycle · Solar energy
1 Introduction It has been reported that more than 10% of the world population does not have access to electricity according to World Bank (Access to electricity). Most of this population lives in areas in which the electrical grid cannot reach, because establishing such an operation may be economically unfeasible for the regional electricity companies. In particular, when transmitting electricity to remote locations, inherent power losses may occur in the transportation lines. Tchanche et al. [29] reported that in terms of the environmental parameters, both on- and off-grid decentralized electricity production rely less on fossil fuel-based techniques and more on renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, biomass and geothermal energy. Furthermore, several researchers have focused on the use of low-grade Technical Editor: Monica Carvalho. * Carlos Eduardo Keutenedjian Mady [email protected] 1
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Mendeleyev St., 200‑Cidade Universitária, 13083‑970 Campinas, Brazil
energy sources in the context of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), as applied to refineries [20] and hybrid photovoltaic and solar (PV/T) cogeneration systems [24]. This last study indicates a scarcity of flat-plate panels studies based on industrial parameter, and even the difficulty to find proper physical data. Some other analyses were carried out using PV/T systems with ORC cycles, although employing a more complex arrangement, which uses a parabolic system. T
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