Comparison of Areal Productivity of Nannochloropsis oceanica Between Lab-Scale and Industrial-Scale Raceway Pond

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Comparison of Areal Productivity of Nannochloropsis oceanica Between Lab-Scale and Industrial-Scale Raceway Pond Takeshi Saito 1 & Takahiro Ichihara 2 & Hidetoshi Inoue 1 & Takafumi Uematsu 3 & Saki Hamada 3 & Takaaki Watanabe 3 & Yasushi Takimura 1 & Jason Webb 4 Received: 30 December 2019 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract The areal biomass productivities (g−1 m−2 day−1) of Nannochloropsis oceanica between different sizes of way ponds were compared. Sequential batch cultivation using 2-m2, 20-m2, and 200-m2 raceway ponds with an industrial scale 4000-m2 raceway as the main culture was conducted in summer and autumn during 2017 at Whyalla, Australia. Areal productivities of sequential batch cultivation during the same culture period were 8.4 g ± 0.9 g−1 m−1 day−1 in the 2-m2 ponds, 9.3 g−1 m−1 day−1 in the 20-m2 ponds, and 8.0 g−1 m−1 day−1 in the 200-m2 ponds respectively. In parallel with the operation of the main 4000-m2 pond, some smaller scale ponds of 2, 20, and 200 m2 were operated at the same site under the same conditions. Areal productivity data of dry biomass of Nannochloropsis oceanica in each pond are very similar between industrial 4000-m2 pond and other smaller ponds. In this work, the authors demonstrate that using the growth rate and productivities of Nannochloropsis from smaller scale open ponds with the same depth is valid to estimate for large-scale ponds in excess of 4000 m2. Keywords Microalgae production . Nannochloropsis . Open raceway pond . Sequential batch culture

Introduction The marine chlorophyte, Nannochloropsis, has been cultured commercially for over three decades, usually mostly as an aquaculture feed (Spolaore et al. 2006). Since 2010, more attention had been focused on this genus as a potential stock for biofuels and several high-value products (Radakovits et al. 2012; Moazami et al. 2012; Ma et al. 2018, Ma et al. 2016; Chen et al. 2013; Chua and Schenk 2017). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-020-09990-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Takeshi Saito [email protected] 1

R&D Biological Science, Kao Corporation, Wakayama, Japan

2

R&D Personal Health Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, Japan

3

R&D Processing Development Research, Kao Corporation, Wakayama, Japan

4

Algae R & D Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

Typically, to be economically viable, industrial production of Nannochloropsis requires a low-cost system, which traditionally was the deep open pond system for aquaculture feed production. Alternatively, a shallow raceway pond is generally chosen for the production of biofuel and high-value products (Sun et al. 2018). Raceway ponds vary in size from several square meters to several thousand square meters. To operate industrial-scale raceway systems (over 1000 m2), it is essential to record extensive baseline data prior