Comparison of the Catalytic Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Supported in Ceria and Incarcerated in Styrene Copolymer
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Comparison of the Catalytic Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Supported in Ceria and Incarcerated in Styrene Copolymer Yolanda Pe´rez • Carmela Aprile • Avelino Corma Hermenegildo Garcia
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Received: 18 October 2009 / Accepted: 29 November 2009 / Published online: 22 December 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009
Abstract The catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles supported on nanoparticulated ceria or incarcerated in a styrene copolymer has been compared for three general gold catalyzed reactions, namely the aerobic benzylamine and aniline oxidations and for phenylacetylene-aminebenzaldehyde coupling. Remarkable differences between the activity of both catalysts were observed. Keywords Gold catalysts Aerobic oxidation Alkyne coupling
1 Introduction Gold catalysis is currently a topic of much interest due to the relatively unexplored catalytic activity of this element compared to other noble metals [1–4]. There is a considerable number of examples showing that the catalytic activity of supported gold can be unique for some processes, exceeding that of other noble metals [2]. One of the most
C. Aprile A. Corma (&) H. Garcia (&) Instituto Universitario de Tecnologı´a Quı´mica CSIC-UPV, Universidad Polite´cnica de Valencia, Av. De los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain e-mail: [email protected] H. Garcia e-mail: [email protected] Y. Pe´rez Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipa´n s/n, 28933 Mo´stoles, Madrid, Spain e-mail: [email protected]
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intriguing facts in gold catalysis is the strong dependence of the activity on the nature of the support [3, 4]. This is the case of the low-temperature CO oxidation for which nanoparticulated ceria renders gold nanoparticles more active than titania P-25 while deposition on silica makes gold nanoparticles inert for this reaction [4, 5]. Also, we have found that aniline coupling to form azobenzenes is strongly dependent on the nature of the support, titania being a convenient support while gold on active carbon was inactive [6]. Two of the most widely used types of supports for gold nanoparticles are metal oxides and organic polymers. Considering the influence of the support, an important issue in gold catalysis is to compare the activity among different supports. Typically comparison of the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles depending on the supports is routinely performed in each work min the field of gold catalysis. However, up to now, no information about the relative catalytic activity of gold supported on nanoparticulate ceria or polymeric support has been provided from data of the same laboratory carrying out the experiments under the same conditions. This manuscript is aimed at providing this information. In this context, it has recently reported that gold nanoparticles of small size and narrow size distribution entangled in the polymeric network of a styrene copolymer exhibit an exceedingly high catalytic activity for the room temperature aerobic oxidation of alcohols [7]. This polymer-entangled gold catalyst has also been found highly a
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