Comparison of the effect of using class C and F fly ash on the stabilization of dispersive soils
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparison of the effect of using class C and F fly ash on the stabilization of dispersive soils Hasan Savaş 1 & Murat Türköz 1 & Evren Seyrek 2 & Emin Ünver 3 Received: 1 June 2018 / Accepted: 10 October 2018 / Published online: 18 October 2018 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2018
Abstract Dispersive soils were not always recognized as erosive or problem soils until recent years although quite common in nature. Many problems have been experienced with dispersive soils in different projects such as dam embankments and roadway embankments. This problem is worldwide, and structural failures referred to dispersive soils have arisen in many countries. Stabilization of dispersive features of problematic soil is an important research topic in engineering applications. Recently, industrial by-products are frequently used to improve the problematic soil properties so that both environmentalist and economic benefits are achieved. In this study, the effects of the fly ashes as waste materials in different classes on the improvement of the dispersive soils have been examined. Within this scope, two different clay soil samples and fly ashes in two different classes, F and C, have been used. First, geotechnical properties of the soil samples were determined. Next, pinhole, crumb, and unconfined compression strength tests were performed on the specimens prepared by standard Proctor energy level at the different percent fly ashes (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%). From the test results, it is observed that the fly ash class has a significant effect on the stabilization of dispersive soils and also strength properties. It is shown that the dispersive soils can be stabilized sufficiently using class C fly ash alone. As a result of this study, it has been determined that class C fly ash is much more efficient than class F fly ash in the stabilization of the dispersive soils. Keywords Compaction . Dispersive soils . Fly ash . Pinhole test . Stabilization
Introduction Dispersive clays are eroded in slow-moving or even quiet water by individual colloidal clay particles going into
* Hasan Savaş [email protected] Murat Türköz [email protected] Evren Seyrek [email protected] Emin Ünver [email protected] 1
Civil Engineering Department, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 26480 Eskişehir, Turkey
2
Civil Engineering Department, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
3
Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
suspension. Although dispersive clays are very common in nature, they have not been defined as problematic soils until recently. Great problems have been faced as a result of the usage of the dispersive clay soils in the engineering structures such as water structures, filler dams, and road fillers (Sherard and Decker 1977; Indraratna et al. 1991; Nevels 1993; Gutierrez et al. 2003; Richards and Reddy 2007; PaigeGreen 2008; Pemkumar et al. 2015; Goodarzi and Salimi 2015; Vakili et al. 2015, 2018a). Land use has become very important in the field of civil engineering, specifically in the road and dam co
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