Effect on the EMI Shielding Properties of Cobalt Ferrites and Coal-Fly-Ash Based Polymer Nanocomposites
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect on the EMI Shielding Properties of Cobalt Ferrites and Coal-Fly-Ash Based Polymer Nanocomposites Noreen Gulzar 1 & Khadija Zubair 2 & M. Fayzan Shakir 2
&
Muhammad Zahid 1 & Yasir Nawab 2 & Z. A. Rehan 2
Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nanocomposites composed of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and fly ash were fabricated to enhance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The change in electrical conductivity because of increasing the concentrations of fly ash and cobalt ferrite was estimated, and the increase in electrical conductivity was observed in results. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is the key application area of these nanocomposites in microwave frequency ranging from 0.1 to 20 GHz and in near infrared (NIR) region of wavelength which ranges from 700 to 2500 nm. Maximum DC conductivity achieved was 5.54*10−7 S/cm. Transmission observance in the NIR region was lower than 0.5%. Highest EMI shielding of 35 dB was achieved at a wide range of frequency from 0.1 to 8 GHz. Keywords Thermoplastic polyurethane . Cobalt ferrites . Coal fly ash . EMI shielding
1 Introduction One of the most important environmental problems is electromagnetic pollution. The use of electronic or electrical devices has been increasing rapidly that also enhances the emission of electromagnetic radiation in the same range of frequency by another device. EMI became a serious concern in the modern age [1]. EMI considers a decrease in the performance of a device or a system by the unexpected conductance or radiance of signals from other electronic or electrical devices [2]. Electronic and electrical devices for scientific, military, and commercial purposes can be exposed to EMI [3]. Various methods for EMI shielding have been introduced that not only decrease the chances for the occurrence of the abovementioned hazards but also enhance the efficiency for the
Noreen Gulzar and Khadija Zubair contributed equally to this work. * M. Fayzan Shakir [email protected] * Z. A. Rehan [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2
Department of Polymer Engineering, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
use of frequency source and lifetime of electrical and electronic devices [4–14]. One of the most important means to prevent pollution of electromagnetic radiation is by shielding protection. Metallic materials were utilized to evade EMI contamination as a result of their conductive and magnetic properties. However, it encounters numerous issues like cost, processing, corrosion, handling, and so forth. Composites act as promising materials, i.e., based on conductive nanofillers of high aspect ratio, which protect the electromagnetic inference in medical devices, military, aircraft electronics, cell phones, and laptops, etc., due to their design flexibility, processing ease, low density, and high conductivity throu
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