Comparisons of genetic population structures in four intertidal brachyuran species of contrasting habitat characteristic
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparisons of genetic population structures in four intertidal brachyuran species of contrasting habitat characteristics Masako Kawane · Keiji Wada · Katsutoshi Watanabe
Received: 27 February 2008 / Accepted: 10 October 2008 / Published online: 4 November 2008 © Springer-Verlag 2008
Abstract Genetic population structures along the Japanese coast, analyzed by sequence data from the mitochondrial DNA COI region, were determined for four intertidal brachyuran species in the superfamily Thoracotremata (Ocypode ceratophthalma, Gaetice depressus, Chiromantes dehaani and Deiratonotus japonicus), which were characterized by diVerent habitat requirements. O. ceratophthalma (seashore; supratidal sand) and C. dehaani (estuarine; supratidal marsh) showed no signiWcant genetic diVerentiation among Japanese populations. The Japanese populations of O. ceratophthalma, however, were found to genetically diVerentiated from the Philippine population. G. depressus (seashore; intertidal cobbles) exhibited signiWcant genetic diVerentiation between the Amami-Ohshima population and other local populations. D. japonicus (estuarine; intertidal cobbles) showed signiWcant genetic diVerentiation among many local populations separated by about 30–1,200 km. The diVerent patterns of genetic population structure recorded for the four species, thus, do not simply correspond to habitat type.
Communicated by T. Reusch. M. Kawane · K. Wada (&) Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan e-mail: [email protected] K. Watanabe Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8506, Japan
Introduction In benthic marine species, the planktonic larval period is the main life stage during which genetical exchange among local populations can occur. Species with a planktonic larval stage, therefore, can be expected to have higher levels of gene Xow than species with direct development (e.g., Wilke and Davis 2000; Collin 2001; Kojima et al. 2004). Recent studies have revealed the genetic population structures of a number of marine brachyuran species, most being characterized by a planktonic larval period. Although the majority of species showed no genetic diVerentiation within a 1,000 km scale, at least for mitochondrial DNA (e.g., Gopurenko et al. 1999; Schubart 2001; McMillen-Jackson and Bert 2004; Pfeiler et al. 2005), some showed genetic diVerentiation among local populations on a geographic mesoscale (tens to hundreds of kilometers) (Fratini and Vannini 2002; Kitaura et al. 2002; Roman and Parumbi 2004; Cassone and Boulding 2005; Kawane et al. 2005; Petersen 2007), all of which have been considered to have resulted from geographic distance, oceanographic circulation patterns and historical events. In recent years, habitat features, such as estuaries and enclosed embayments, have been suggested as promoting genetic diVerentiation of marine species (Bilton et al. 2002; Watts and Johnson
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