Complications or rather side effects? Quantification of patient satisfaction and complications after orthognathic surger
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Complications or rather side effects? Quantification of patient satisfaction and complications after orthognathic surgery—a retrospective, cross-sectional long-term analysis Daniel G. E. Thiem 1,2 Peer W. Kämmerer 1,2
&
Daniel Schneider 3 & Michael Hammel 4 & Bassam Saka 2 & Bernhard Frerich 2 & Bilal Al-Nawas 5 &
Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Objectives The aim of this clinical analysis was to evaluate intraoperative and early postoperative complications as well as late findings and the overall patient satisfaction following orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, 119 patients after orthognathic surgery were included. Surgical approaches were single bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO (n = 52)), single LeFort-I osteotomy (n = 5) and bimaxillary osteotomy (LeFort-I + BSSO (n = 62)). Intraoperative and early (0–4 weeks postoperative) complications were investigated retrospectively (n = 119), whereas late findings and quality of life were assessed via clinical follow-up and survey (mean: 59 months postoperative) on 48 patients. Results Bad split (n = 4/114) was the most common intraoperative complication followed by one case of severe bleeding. Regarding early postoperative complications, temporary damage of the inferior alveolar nerve after BSSO was most common (n = 33/114), followed by facial nerve dysfunction (n = 3), failed osteosynthesis (n = 2) and one case of postoperative dyspnoea. Permanent hypaesthesia of the lower lip was the most prevalent (n = 28/45(BSSO and LeFort-I + BSSO)) late finding with varying extent, followed by temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) (n = 25/48). Skeletal relapse mostly occurred after class II treatment, followed by class III, posterior crossbite and open bite. Overall, the surgery improved the patients’ self-perception (85.4%), with 60.4% of patients opting for surgery again. Conclusions Long-term complications after orthognathic surgery occurred more frequently than commonly described in the literature, and analyses of the quality of life show the need for more comprehensive preoperative patient education. Clinical relevance Hypaesthesia of the lower lip presented less as complication but rather as side effect following BSSO. As orthognathic surgery is mostly elective, preoperative patient education is of pivotal importance and should include proactive risk stratification. Keywords Patient information . Surgery . Side effect . Elective surgery . Complications . QoL . SF-36
* Daniel G. E. Thiem [email protected] 1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany
2
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
3
Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Rostock, Germany
4
Sanitz, Germany
5
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry
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